Conditions for the Replication of Infectious Viral RNA

Wecker, Eberhard; Richter, Alan

doi:10.1101/sqb.1962.027.001.016

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The cores might be similar to the intracellular immature virus particles described by Mussgay & Weibel (1962) and Morgan, Howe & Ross (1961). They might also be related to the ribonucleoprotein extracted from infected cells (Wecker & Richter, 1962;Wecker & Schonne, 1961). Comparable core have been described for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (Klimenko et al 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Morphology, Infectivity and Haemagglutinating Activity of Semliki Forest Virus Produced by the Treatment with Caseinase C from Streptomyces albus G.

Osterrieth

Calberg-Bacq

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYElectron micrographs of negatively stained Semliki Forest virus were made before and after treatment of the virus with caseinase C from Strqtmyces altncs G. The virus appeared as roughly spherical (diameter 550-590 a); covered with projections and sometimes bearing an appendix, which seemed to be a fold of the envelope. Treated with caseinase C in tris buffered saline, the virus lost its projections and its haemagglutinating activity but remained infectious. The site of haemagglutination, then, is probably located on the projections. Treated with caseinase C in phosphate buffer, the virus lost its infectivity as well as its haemagglutinating activity; the number of the remaining viral particles was not significantly modified. These structures had no projections; their envelope was degraded and sometimes completely destroyed. In this case, they had a smaller diameter (885-890 a) than the projectionless particles obtained by treatment in tris buffered saline (410460a). As the virus particles with degraded envelope still contained as much infectious RNA as the controls, it was thought that some degree of integrity of the envelope was necessary for the particle infectivity. Thus the site for infectivity appeared to be different from that for haemagglutination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Morphology, Infectivity and Haemagglutinating Activity of Semliki Forest Virus Produced by the Treatment with Caseinase C from Streptomyces albus G.

Osterrieth

Calberg-Bacq

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus is a ribonucleic acid (RNA)-containing virus belonging to the group A arboviruses. Examination under the electron microscope has revealed that, like other group A arboviruses, the virions are spherical (diameter about 50 nm) and have a dense internal core surrounded by a membrane (4,11). Morgan, Howe, and Rose (4) studied the development of WEE virus in chick embryo (CE) cells by using the electron microscope.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus II. Cytoplasmic Structure Involved in the Synthesis and Development of the Virions

Sreevalsan

Allen

1968

J Virol

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Analysis of the cytoplasmic fraction of chick embryo cells during the exponential phase of Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus growth showed that the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) labeled by a short pulse with 3 H-uridine was associated with a structure which sedimented in sucrose density gradients with a coefficient of 65 S . The RNA extracted from this structure sedimented in sucrose density gradients at 26 S . After a longer period of exposure to 3 H-uridine, the radio-active viral RNA was associated with a structure which sedimented in sucrose density gradients as would materials with coefficients of about 140 S . The 140 S structure contained viral RNA and viral protein. It was shown that the 140 S structures are not virus-induced polysomes. The 140 S structure contained predominantly the 40 S type of viral RNA and some 26 S type. Electrophoretic analysis of the disrupted virion revealed that at least two proteins (types I and II) were present in the purified virion. Only type II protein was present in the 140 S structure. Unlike the virion, the 140 S structure did not contain any lipid which could be detected by the incorporation of 14 C-choline. These data suggest that the 140 S structure represents the internal nucleoprotein part of the virion. The rate of appearance of labeled virus lags behind that of the formation of the 140 S structure in infected cells. Pulse-chase experiments with 3 H-leucine suggest that the 140 S structure may represent a precursor to the virus particle. The results are discussed in terms of the maturation of WEE virus in the infected cells.

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“…The time interval between the onset of RNA synthesis and the appearance of inf ective particles seems in general to be shorter with group A arboviruses (Wecker and Richter, 1962;Mantani et al, 1967;Higashi et al, 1967;Ben-Ishai et al, 1968;Grimley et al, 1968;Mifune and Hayashi, 1969) than with group B arboviruses (Takeda et al 1965;Takeda, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to arboviruses, infectious RNA has been extracted from the cytoplasmic fraction of cells infected with WEE virus or eastern equine encephalitis virus during the period of RNA replication (Wecker and Richter, 1962). However, our previous report revealed that RNA synthesis of PS (Y-15) cells infected with Japanese encephalitis virus, a member of group B arboviruses, occurred in the nucleus when cellular RNA synthesis was suppressed by chromomycin A (Takeda, Yamada and Aoyama, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cytoplasmic Localization of Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis Induced in the Cells Infected With Some Group a Arboviruses

Takeda¹,

Sakumoto²,

Oya³

et al. 1971

JJMSB

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SUMMARY:Specific RNA synthesis induced in VERO cells by the infection with western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus or Chikungunya virus was studied by autoradiography in the presence of chromomycin A3 or actinomycin D allowing the viruses to propagate despite the suppression of cellular RNA synthesis.It was revealed that such virus-induced RNA pulse-labeled with 3H-uridine after infection of WEE virus or Chikungunya virus appeared dispersedly in the cytoplasm of the infected cells.Chikungunya virus-induced RNA accumulated after chase in the restricted areas of the cytoplasm.This finding supports the general view that the loci of RNA synthesis induced by group A arboviruses are confined within the cytoplasm of the infected cells.

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Conditions for the Replication of Infectious Viral RNA

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Morphology, Infectivity and Haemagglutinating Activity of Semliki Forest Virus Produced by the Treatment with Caseinase C from Streptomyces albus G.

Changes in Morphology, Infectivity and Haemagglutinating Activity of Semliki Forest Virus Produced by the Treatment with Caseinase C from Streptomyces albus G.

Replication of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus II. Cytoplasmic Structure Involved in the Synthesis and Development of the Virions

Cytoplasmic Localization of Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis Induced in the Cells Infected With Some Group a Arboviruses

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