Conditioning of Addiction

Olive, M. Foster; Kalivas, Peter W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0338-9_8

Addiction Medicine 2010

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0338-9_8

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Conditioning of Addiction

M. Foster Olive

Peter W. Kalivas

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Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Exposure to drug-associated environmental stimuli can significantly enhance drug self-administration behaviors in both humans and laboratory animals (Everitt and Robbins 2000; Olive and Kalivas 2011; Le Foll and Goldberg 2005; See 2005). Many of these effects are consistent with the drug-associated stimuli functioning as conditioned reinforcers to increase the frequency of drug-taking and/or drug-seeking responses; however, it can be difficult experimentally to distinguish conditioned reinforcement from the other associative and non-associative effects of drug exposure and stimulus presentation (Cunningham 1993; Kelleher and Gollub 1962; Mackintosh 1974; Williams 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Acquisition of responding with a remifentanil-associated conditioned reinforcer in the rat

Bertz

Woods

2013

Psychopharmacology

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Rationale-Drug-associated environmental stimuli may serve as conditioned reinforcers to enhance drug self-administration behaviors in humans and laboratory animals. However, it can be difficult to distinguish experimentally the conditioned reinforcing effects of a stimulus from other behavioral processes that can change rates of responding.Objectives-To characterize the conditioned reinforcing effects of a stimulus paired with the μ-opioid agonist, remifentanil, using a new-response acquisition procedure in the rat.Methods-First, in Pavlovian conditioning (PAV) sessions, rats received response-independent IV injections of remifentanil and presentations of a light-noise compound stimulus. In paired PAV groups, injections and stimulus presentations always co-occurred. In random PAV control groups, injections and stimulus presentations occurred with no consistent relationship. Second, in instrumental acquisition (ACQ) sessions, all animals could respond in an active nose-poke that produced the stimulus alone or in an inactive nose-poke that had no scheduled consequences.Results-During ACQ, rats made significantly more active nose-pokes than inactive nose-pokes after paired PAV, but not after random PAV. Between groups, rats also made more active nosepokes after paired PAV than after random PAV. After paired PAV, increased active responding was obtained under different schedules of reinforcement, persisted across multiple ACQ sessions, and depended on the number of PAV sessions conducted.Conclusions-The remifentanil-paired stimulus served as a conditioned reinforcer for nosepoking: responding depended on both the contingency between the stimulus and remifentanil and the contingency between the nose-poke and the stimulus. Generally, new-response acquisition procedures may provide valid, flexible models for studying opioid-based conditioned reinforcement.

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confidence: 99%

Acquisition of responding with a remifentanil-associated conditioned reinforcer in the rat

Bertz

Woods

2013

Psychopharmacology

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At the Crossroads: The Intersection of Substance Use Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Ruglass

López‐Castro

Cheref

et al. 2014

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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The co-occurrence of substance use disorders with anxiety disorders and/or posttraumatic stress disorder has been widely documented and when compared to each disorder alone, consistently linked to increased risk for a host of negative outcomes including greater impairment, poorer treatment response, and higher rates of symptom relapse. This article focuses on recent advances in the understanding and effective treatment of this common and highly complex comorbidity. Prevalence and epidemiological data are introduced, followed by a review of contemporary models of etiology and associative pathways. Conceptualizations of effective treatment approaches are discussed alongside evidence from the past decade of clinical research trials. Highlighted are ongoing questions regarding the benefit of sequential, parallel, and integrated approaches and the necessity of further investigation into the mechanisms underlying treatment efficacy. Lastly, recent contributions from neuroscience research are offered as a promising bridge for the development and testing of novel, interdisciplinary treatment approaches.

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Pharmacotherapeutic management of co-morbid alcohol and opioid use

Hood

Leyrer‐Jackson

2020

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy

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Conditioning of Addiction

Cited by 4 publications

References 146 publications

Acquisition of responding with a remifentanil-associated conditioned reinforcer in the rat

Acquisition of responding with a remifentanil-associated conditioned reinforcer in the rat

At the Crossroads: The Intersection of Substance Use Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Pharmacotherapeutic management of co-morbid alcohol and opioid use

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