Conditioned suppression of medial forebrain bundle and septal intracranial self-stimulation in the rat: Evidence for a fear-relief mechanism of the septum.

Grauer, Esther; Thomas, Earl

doi:10.1037/h0077860

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Large septal lesions in rats (Beagley & Beagley, 1978) and cholinergic blockade of the septum in cats (Thomas & DeWald, 1977) prior to escape testing re-945 versed the escape-retarding effects of previous inescapable shocks. Although these findings are consistent with several theories of septal function, e.g., that the septum modulates response inhibition (McCleary, 1966), the relief of aversive states (Grauer & Thomas, 1982), or the response to stimuli not consistently associated with reward (Cormier, 1981;Gray, Feldon, Rawlins, Owen, & McNaughton, 1978), a clear alternative explanation for these findings is available. Because the lesions and cholinergic blockade were imposed after the inescapable shocks, it is possible that, rather than directly interfering with the processes mediating the escape deficit, these treatments may have simply disrupted the memory of the prior inescapable shocks.…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

Ventromedial septal lesions in rats reduce the effects of inescapable shock on escape performance and analgesia.

Kelsey¹,

Baker²

1983

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Lesions of the ventromedial septum reduced or eliminated several effects of exposure to inescapable shock in rats, whereas lesions of the dorsolateral septum did not. Experiment 1 demonstrated that ventromedial septal lesions reduced the loss in body weight produced by inescapable shock and eliminated the subsequent (24 hr later) interference with escape performance (learned helplessness). Experiment 2 demonstrated that ventromedial septal lesions reduced the analgesia that occurs immediately following inescapable shock and the analgesia reinstated by exposure to escapable shocks 24 hr later. These findings, in conjunction with the findings that ventromedial septal lesions also reduce the secretion of corticosterone (Kelsey, 1975) and stomach erosions (Kelsey, Note 1) produced by inescapable shocks, indicate that ventromedial septal lesions reduce several responses to inescapable shock and suggest that possibility that all of these effects may reflect a unitary deficit. It is hypothesized that ventromedial septal lesions reduce these effects of exposure to inescapable shock either by reducing the ability of the rats to learn that their responses and shocks were uncorrelated or by reducing the emotional impact of this lack of correlation.

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supporting

confidence: 86%

Ventromedial septal lesions in rats reduce the effects of inescapable shock on escape performance and analgesia.

Kelsey¹,

Baker²

1983

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…A Shared Neural Mechanism for Internal (Brain) and External (Natural) Rewards We have shown here that train electrical stimulation of the MS can be rewarding for alert behaving WT mice, and that it can serve as an operant reinforcer-namely, the experimental animal will generate specific behaviors (lever presses) to obtain this internal reward (Olds and Milner 1954;Mora and Cobo 1990;Wise 1996). Indeed, the MS has been recognized for years as an important neural center involved in selfstimulation reward (Ball and Gray 1971;Buño and Velluti 1977;Grauer and Thomas 1982;Cazala et al 1988). The present results support the notion that this internal reward system shares similar neural mechanisms with those activated by a natural reinforcer (e.g., food), that is, both of them produced a significant decrease in the amplitude of hippocampal fEPSPs evoked at the very moment of the reinforcement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The GABAergic Septohippocampal Pathway Is Directly Involved in Internal Processes Related to Operant Reward Learning

et al. 2013

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We studied the role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic septohippocampal projections in medial septum (MS) self-stimulation of behaving mice. Self-stimulation was evoked in wild-type (WT) mice using instrumental conditioning procedures and in J20 mutant mice, a type of mouse with a significant deficit in GABAergic septohippocampal projections. J20 mice showed a significant modification in hippocampal activities, including a different response for input/output curves and the paired-pulse test, a larger long-term potentiation (LTP), and a delayed acquisition and lower performance in the MS self-stimulation task. LTP evoked at the CA3-CA1 synapse further decreased self-stimulation performance in J20, but not in WT, mice. MS self-stimulation evoked a decrease in the amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) at the CA3-CA1 synapse in WT, but not in J20, mice. This self-stimulation-dependent decrease in the amplitude of fEPSPs was also observed in the presence of another positive reinforcer (food collected during an operant task) and was canceled by the local administration of an antibody-inhibiting glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). LTP evoked in the GAD65Ab-treated group was also larger than in controls. The hippocampus has a different susceptibility to septal GABAergic inputs depending on ongoing cognitive processes, and the GABAergic septohippocampal pathway is involved in consummatory processes related to operant rewards.

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“…To test for differences in CER behavior between the two sites, we compared the susceptibility oflateral septa! and MFB ICSS to conditioned suppression, using rats as subjects (Grauer & Thomas, 1982). In brief, we superimposed on baseline ICSS a 30-sec light CS paired with a I-sec scrambled footshock.…”

Section: Stimulation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forebrain mechanisms in the relief of fear: The role of the lateral septum

Thomas

1988

Psychobiology

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The septa! region is a centrallink in a major forebrain inhibitory system. This paper presents evidence suggesting that an important function of septal inhibition is the suppression of aversive emotional states. Support for such a proposition is derived from a confluence ofthree kinds of evidence: (1) evidence that electrical stimulation ofthe septal region has the ability to inhibit aversive states; (2) evidence that lesions of the septal region reduce or abolish the ability of environmental stimuli to inhibit aversion; (3) and evidence that activity of cells in the lateral septum is increased in the presence of stimuli which inhibit aversion. It is concluded that the dynamic activity of the septal region and related areas is essential for the control and guidance of aversively motivated behavior.

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Conditioned suppression of medial forebrain bundle and septal intracranial self-stimulation in the rat: Evidence for a fear-relief mechanism of the septum.

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Ventromedial septal lesions in rats reduce the effects of inescapable shock on escape performance and analgesia.

Ventromedial septal lesions in rats reduce the effects of inescapable shock on escape performance and analgesia.

The GABAergic Septohippocampal Pathway Is Directly Involved in Internal Processes Related to Operant Reward Learning

Forebrain mechanisms in the relief of fear: The role of the lateral septum

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