Conditioned place preference reveals ongoing pain in calves 3 weeks after disbudding

Adcock, Sarah; Tucker, Cassandra B.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60260-7

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Most studies using wound-directed behaviors and cortisol plasma levels did not explore evidence of pain beyond 24 h [14,42]. Some calves experienced reduced consumption of the sweet solution for as long as 5 days, a result consistent with other recent reports showing longlasting pain after hot-iron disbudding [43][44][45]. These results, along with the negative judgment bias observed after disbudding in previous studies [16,46], suggest that the procedure may induce persistent pain potentially leading to depressive-like mood in dairy calves.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 70%

Pessimistic dairy calves are more vulnerable to pain-induced anhedonia

et al. 2020

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Pain induces deficits in appreciation of rewards (i.e. anhedonia) and variation in response to pain may be partly explained by individual differences in general expectations (i.e. optimism). Dairy calves are routinely subjected to painful procedures such as hot-iron disbudding. We tested if female Holstein calves (n = 17) display signs of anhedonia (as evidenced by reduced consumption of a sweet solution) after hot-iron disbudding (performed under general and local anesthesia), and whether individual differences in optimism explain the variation in this response. Individual variation in optimism was measured using responses to two judgment bias tests (performed when calves were 25 d old), and anhedonia was measured by comparing consumption of a sweet solution before and after hot-iron disbudding. We found that intake of the sweet solution declined (by mean ± SD: 48.4 ± 44.3%) on the day after disbudding, and that more pessimistic calves were more affected. Sweet solution consumption did not return to baseline for the duration of the study (i.e. 5 days). Calves reduced their intake of a sweet solution after hot-iron disbudding, consistent with pain-induced anhedonia, and more pessimistic calves showed stronger evidence of anhedonia, suggesting that they were more affected by the procedure. However, our results cannot rule out the possibility that calf responses were driven by anorexia.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 70%

Pessimistic dairy calves are more vulnerable to pain-induced anhedonia

et al. 2020

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“…Heifers received 1 mg/kg oral meloxicam immediately after disbudding. There is good evidence that pain persists in the weeks after disbudding [28][29][30], long after the drugs' analgesic effects have dissipated.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of early burn injury on sensitivity to future painful stimuli in dairy heifers

Adcock

Tucker

2020

PLoS ONE

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Animals that experience painful procedures as neonates are more sensitive to pain later in life. We evaluated whether disbudding with a heated iron at 3 (n = 12), 35 (n = 9), or 56 (n = 20) d of age affected heifers' pain responses to vaccine injections at 11 mo of age. Heifers responded to the injection procedure with struggling and changes in eye temperature and heart rate variability compared to a sham procedure the day before, and still had a heightened response 6 d later, regardless of disbudding age. However, some heart rate variability indices suggested increased sympathetic dominance in heifers disbudded at 35 d, compared to the other 2 age groups, independent of the injection procedure. We also found that heifers disbudded at 3 or 35 d had a higher mean heart rate after the injection procedure compared to those disbudded at 56 d. We conclude that: (1) heifers find injections aversive; and (2) there is some evidence that disbudding age influences autonomic nervous system activity later in life.

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“…A recent study showed that providing an NSAID renders the procedure less aversive [ 37 ], suggesting that a multi-modal pain mitigation strategy may dampen the negative affective experience associated with the procedure, at least for the first day after the procedure. However, these drugs only mitigate the pain for hours to days (depending on the NSAID); whereas, the pain associated with disbudding has been reported to last for weeks [ 38 , 39 ]. These lines of evidence show that pain mitigation helps but does not completely suppress the pain associated with these procedures.…”

Section: Physical Mutilationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Dairy Cattle: Do European Union Regulations Promote Animal Welfare?

Duval

Keyserlingk

Lecorps

2020

Animals

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Animal welfare is an emerging concept in EU law; with the advent of specific regulations intending to protect animals. The approach taken by European lawmakers is to provide “minimum standards” for conventional farming; argued by some as failing to adequately protect animals. In contrast, the EU organic farming regulations aim to “establish a sustainable management system for agriculture” and promote “high animal welfare standards”. The first aim of this review was to identify key areas where there are clear improvements in quality of life for dairy cattle housed under the EU organic regulations when compared to the conventional EU regulations. Using the available scientific evidence, our second aim was to identify areas where the organic regulations fail to provide clear guidance in their pursuit to promote high standards of dairy cattle welfare. The greater emphasis placed on natural living conditions, the ban of some (but unfortunately not all) physical mutilations combined with clearer recommendations regarding housing conditions potentially position the organic dairy industry to achieve high standards of welfare. However, improvements in some sections are needed given that the regulations are often conveyed using vague language, provide exceptions or remain silent on some aspects. This review provides a critical reflection of some of these key areas related to on-farm aspects. To a lesser extent, post farm gate aspects are also discussed

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Conditioned place preference reveals ongoing pain in calves 3 weeks after disbudding

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Pessimistic dairy calves are more vulnerable to pain-induced anhedonia

Pessimistic dairy calves are more vulnerable to pain-induced anhedonia

The effect of early burn injury on sensitivity to future painful stimuli in dairy heifers

Organic Dairy Cattle: Do European Union Regulations Promote Animal Welfare?

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