Conditional regulation of the human CYP4X1 and CYP4Z1 genes

Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer

“…CYP2W1 has been shown to be almost exclusively expressed during embryogenesis and in adult humans it is mainly detected in tumour tissue samples, more frequently from colon and adrenal gland (Karlgren et al, 2005, submitted). With respect to CYP4Z1, it is regulated by the glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors and has been shown to be overexpressed preferentially in breast carcinoma tissue and mammary gland (Rieger et al, 2004;Savas et al, 2005).…”

Orphans in the Human Cytochrome P450 Superfamily: Approaches to Discovering Functions and Relevance in Pharmacology

“…P450 4Z1 mRNA expression is almost undetectable or at a low level in most human tissues, whereas abundant expression is noted in mammary tissue and breast carcinomas. It is still not known which cells express this P450 within breast tissue (Rieger et al, 2004;Savas et al, 2005). Expression has been confirmed in at least two known breast cancer cell lines, T47-D and MCF-7.…”

“…Full-length human P450 4X1 cDNA was cloned using human genome and expressed sequence tag databases, and the mRNA was found to be expressed in the trachea and aorta (Savas et al, 2005). The peroxisome proliferator activator receptor ␣ has been reported to be involved in the activation of CYP4X1 gene transcription in a HepG2 cell line (Savas et al, 2005). In human brain, the distribution pattern shows a striking pattern with the highest levels in amygdala (Stark et al, 2008a).…”

“…Northern blotting indicated a specific expression to the brain, primarily in neurons of the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. Full-length human P450 4X1 cDNA was cloned using human genome and expressed sequence tag databases, and the mRNA was found to be expressed in the trachea and aorta (Savas et al, 2005). The peroxisome proliferator activator receptor ␣ has been reported to be involved in the activation of CYP4X1 gene transcription in a HepG2 cell line (Savas et al, 2005).…”

“…(see also Wu et al, 2006b; b 2U1 4q25 Thymus, brain (Chuang et al, 2004;Karlgren et al, 2004) (also keratinocytes, kidney, heart, ovarian cancer) (Downie et al, 2005;Du et al, 2006) Sf9 insect cells (Chuang et al, 2004) Fatty acids (, -1) (Chuang et al, 2004) 2W1 7q22.3 Tumors (Karlgren et al, 2005(Karlgren et al, , 2006 HEK293 cells (Karlgren et al, 2005), E. coli (Wu et al, 2006b) Several carcinogens (Wu et al, 2006b), 4QN (Nishida et al, 2010) 3A43 7q21 Liver, brain (also kidney, pancreas, prostate) (Domanski et al, 2001;Westlind et al, 2001) E. coli (Domanski et al, 2001), COS-1 cells (Agarwal et al, 2008) Alprazolam (Agarwal et al, 2008), testosterone (Domanski et al, 2001) 4A22 1q33 Liver (Savas et al, 2003) 4F11 19q13.1-2 Liver (Kalsotra et al, 2004), also kidney, heart, skeletal muscle (Cui et al, 2000) S. cerevisiae (Kalsotra et al, 2004), insect cells (Dhar et al, 2008), E. coli Fatty acids (-1, -2, -3) (Kalsotra et al, 2004;, ␤-hydroxy fatty acids (Dhar et al, 2008;, benzphetamine, ethylmorphine, erythromycin 3 4F22 19q13.1-2 Skin, testis (also bone marrow, liver, small intestine, skeletal muscle, brain) (Lefevre et al, 2006) S. cerevisiae (Nilsson et al, 2010) Arachidonic acid (Nilsson et al, 2010) 4V2 4q35 Eye Sf9 insect cells (Nakano et al, 2009) Fatty acids (Nakano et al, 2009) 4X1 1q33 Brain (amygdala), liver (esp. fetal liver), skin, prostate, heart, aorta, breast, colon, trachea, aorta kidney (Savas et al, 2005;…”