Condiciones oceanográficas durante la fase de relajación de un evento de surgencia invernal frente a Punta Lengua de Vaca, Coquimbo

Moraga, Julio; Valdebenito, Eugenia L.; Rutllant, José A.

doi:10.4067/s0717-71782001000100006

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Fishers mentioned that the bay shape and its orientation allows the bay to receive "food" ("aguajes") or water rich in phytoplankton from other places, but also the bay shape provides high retention capacity and allows the permanence of food in the bay. This LEK is supported by scientific research showing that the northern (Choros and Damas island) and southern (Punta Lengua de Vaca) limits of CBS are characterized by upwelling centers, with high primary productivity (Moraga et al 2001, Thiel et al 2007). Also, Valle-Levinson and Moraga-Opazo, (2006) have suggested that Coquimbo Bay has a counterclockwise gyre, which could favor larval (and phytoplankton) retention inside the bay.…”

Section: The Peñuelas a Amerb Success Based On Fishers' Local Ecological Knowledgementioning

confidence: 83%

Toward understanding the long-term persistence of a local governance system among artisanal fishers in Chile

Aburto¹,

Stotz²,

Cundill³

et al. 2021

E&S

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An important characteristic for the persistence of social-ecological systems (SESs) over time is the adaptation of local institutions to the dynamic of the resources on which they depend, especially when communities face resources with high spatial and temporal variability. Previous studies on Territorial User Rights for Fisheries (TURF) in Chile (Áreas de Manejo y Explotación de Recursos Bentónicos, AMERB) showed that resources with high levels of variability, such as the highly valuable surf clam Mesodesma donacium, can have negative impacts on collective efforts among fishers to govern marine resources under AMERB, resulting in the collapse of local institutions in this boom-and-bust fishery. Here, we reflect on the only known case in Chile (Coquimbo Bay) in which local institutions, its governance mechanisms, and the surf clam M. donacium fishery have persisted over long periods of time, despite disturbances from the natural and social systems. Using participatory techniques, we draw on local fishers' in-depth knowledge of both the resource and their own historical coping mechanisms to understand the potential sources of institutional persistence among local fishers faced with a resource that has high levels of variability. We find that this unique success of a surf clam AMERB in Chile is attributed to the local conditions, such as the roots that fishers have to their village, the support by women and family, and also to the ecological settings of Coquimbo Bay and resource characteristics, that facilitate larval dispersal among the different bays, maintaining recruitment and production that sustains the AMERB. Thus, the persistence of the institution has been built over generations of coping with major disturbances to the SES, directly related to the persistence of M. donacium stocks over time, which has allowed the development of a well-structured institution with a strong fishers' organization, good leaders, a division of labor among members, shared responsibilities, and equitable income distribution.

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Section: The Peñuelas a Amerb Success Based On Fishers' Local Ecological Knowledgementioning

confidence: 83%

Toward understanding the long-term persistence of a local governance system among artisanal fishers in Chile

Aburto¹,

Stotz²,

Cundill³

et al. 2021

E&S

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“…For the majority, variable recruitment has been described between years and between sites (Riascos et al, 2009;Parada et al, 2013). This variability is due to the characteristics of the Chilean coast, which is in general very exposed, with fluctuating winds that generate upwelling periods in localized foci, which together generate variability in circulation and temperatures (Moraga et al, 2001). This affects the populations of invertebrates mainly in the processes of larval development and recruitment, which is then reflected in variations in abundance, biomass, age structure, and distribution patterns of fisheries resources (Parada et al, 2013;Defeo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Analysis of the Benthic Fisheries Managed in the TURF System in Chile

Ramos

Stotz

2020

International Journal of the Commons

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Territorial use rights in fisheries (TURF) are considered to aid to the sustainability of smallscale fisheries, because they remove the perverse incentives, which sustain the tragedy of the commons. Nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of the implementation of TURFs is lacking. Chile offers a unique opportunity, because an extensive system for benthic fisheries has been implemented, with at present hundreds of TURFs along the coast. This study analyzes the sustainability of all the TURFs (109) along a stretch of 800 Km of coast, using population, productive, economic, social and institutional indicators. The information was obtained from the technical reports and monitoring each TURF has to prepare for the authority each year, databases the authority has and interviews with artisanal fishermen. Three states of TURFs were identified: unsustainable, poorly sustainable and sustainable. The resources exploited in the analyzed TURFs are the chilean abalon or "loco" (Concholepas concholepas), the key hole limpets "lapa negra" (Fissurella latimarginata), and "lapa rosada" (Fissurella cumingi), the kelps "huiro negro" (Lessonia berteroana), and "huiro palo" (Lessonia trabeculata), the surf clam "Macha" (Mesodesma donacium), the scallop "ostión del norte" (Argopecten purpuratus) and the seaurchin "erizo rojo" (Loxechinus albus). Results show general low performance for population, production and economic indicators, but good performance for social and institutional indicators. Overall the system shows a poor sustainability, which principally means unstable populations, landings and income in most of the TURFs. This result, which differs from most published analyses of the system, is explained mainly by the impossibility to reach a stable fishery through management of so small areas, given the natural variability of the species and the general environment. The good performance of some TURFs cannot be explained by a single factor, which is consistent with the complexity of the system, which makes it little amenable for proper management.

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“…Bayesian mixing models were consistent with those observations and agreed with preliminary expectations, suggesting that copepods and euphausiids would be the most important putative preys, followed in a minor proportion by amphipods and polychaetes. In this context, the Coquimbo Bay system is located within an important upwelling center (Moraga et al, 2001;Thiel et al, 2007), with copepods dominating the zooplankton community structure, while euphausiids are frequently observed in lower abundances (Mattos and Mujica, 2012;Torreblanca et al, 2016) as response to extensive diel vertical migration into the oxygen minimum zone (Thiel et al, 2007). The presence of amphipods and swimming nereid polychaetes in nocturnal pelagic assemblages is not rare, and has been associated to the incidence of artificial lights in shallow depths (<30 m) in the former (Carrasco et al, 2017), or to the presence of reproductive stages (i.e., epitokes) attracted by lunar phases in the latter (Fong, 1993).…”

Section: Trophic Ecology Of D Gahi In Northern-central Chilementioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Spawning Aggregations of the Loliginid Squid Doryteuthis gahi Reveal Life-History Interactions of a Dwarf Morphotype at the Center of Its Distribution Range

et al. 2021

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Heterogeneous environmental conditions along the Humboldt Current System (HCS) influence the life-history strategy of a variety of species in different ways. There is limited information on latitudinal traits of coastal cephalopods as part of the interacting species in pelagic and benthic environments. The present study used the loliginid squid Doryteuthis gahi as a model organism to: (1) evaluate latitudinal traits on egg laying patterns, (2) characterize a particular spawning ground, (3) quantify the isotopic variation from different tissues, (4) evaluate potential trophic ontogenetic changes, (5) determinate trophic position, and (6) isotopically estimate the relative importance of putative preys in the squid’s assimilated diet. Results evidenced that egg-masses collected between 2014 and 2020 presented similar patterns along northern-central Chile (27–36°S), with females attaching small egg-capsules (10–50 mm length) through the year and over a variety of anthropogenic and natural substrates. At a small scale (Coquimbo; 29°S), early life history traits showed distinct patterns depending on SST, with warmer collection periods (∼18°C) evidencing larger capsules and smaller embryos, although small paralarvae were obtained over the 4-year sampling period. In this site, sampling of older ontogenetic stages supported the constant presence of small-sized squids (19–77 mm ML). Males had larger mean sizes compared to females and undetermined specimens, with a high proportion of mature stages. Observations in captivity were extended for up to 110 d, validating that small females (45–64 mm ML) spawn the small egg-capsules typically observed in the field. Differences in stable isotope composition between beaks and soft tissues of adult squids were lower for δ13C values (1.1 vs. 1.4‰, respectively) and higher for δ15N values (5.3 vs. 4.7‰, respectively). Isotopic composition through ontogeny found similar δ13C and δ15N values, suggesting that carbon sources (pelagic origin) and trophic position did not change significantly, with copepods, euphausiids and nereid polychaetes being the most important preys. This study unveils the permanent occurrence of a small reproductive morphotype of D. gahi in shallow coastal habitats of northern-central Chile (i.e., center of the distribution range), providing the first insights for understanding the species’ potential adaptations to heterogeneous conditions in the HCS and the unexplored distribution gap between the two centers of abundance (Peru and the Falkland/Malvinas islands).

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Condiciones oceanográficas durante la fase de relajación de un evento de surgencia invernal frente a Punta Lengua de Vaca, Coquimbo

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Toward understanding the long-term persistence of a local governance system among artisanal fishers in Chile

Toward understanding the long-term persistence of a local governance system among artisanal fishers in Chile

Sustainability Analysis of the Benthic Fisheries Managed in the TURF System in Chile

Discrete Spawning Aggregations of the Loliginid Squid Doryteuthis gahi Reveal Life-History Interactions of a Dwarf Morphotype at the Center of Its Distribution Range

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