Condensin-mediated chromosome organization in fission yeast

Iwasaki, Osamu; Noma, Ken-ichi

doi:10.1007/s00294-016-0601-7

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Furthermore, condensin-enriched sites preferentially interact with each other, although widespread contacts also extend to parts of chromosomes with less prominent condensin binding. These results are consistent with condensin recruitment to highly specific transcribed genes (D’Ambrosio et al 2008 ; Nakazawa et al 2015 ; Robellet et al 2017 ; Schmidt et al 2009 ; Sutani et al 2015 ), and the condensin-dependent interactions between PolIII transcribed genes in interphase (Hausler et al 2008 ; Iwasaki and Noma 2016 ). Fission yeast condensin not only locates at chromatin domain boundaries, but also promotes fusion of interphase domains to generate larger domains in mitosis (Fig.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Smc Complexes To Chromosome Condensationsupporting

confidence: 72%

SMC complexes orchestrate the mitotic chromatin interaction landscape

Kakui

Uhlmann

2017

Curr Genet

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Chromatin is a very long DNA–protein complex that controls the expression and inheritance of the genetic information. Chromatin is stored within the nucleus in interphase and further compacted into chromosomes during mitosis. This process, known as chromosome condensation, is essential for faithful segregation of genomic DNA into daughter cells. Condensin and cohesin, members of the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family, are fundamental for chromosome architecture, both for establishment of chromatin structure in the interphase nucleus and for the formation of condensed chromosomes in mitosis. These ring-shaped SMC complexes are thought to regulate the interactions between DNA strands by topologically entrapping DNA. How this activity shapes chromosomes is not yet understood. Recent high throughput chromosome conformation capture studies revealed how chromatin is reorganized during the cell cycle and have started to explore the role of SMC complexes in mitotic chromatin architecture. Here, we summarize these findings and discuss the conserved nature of chromosome condensation in eukaryotes. We highlight the unexpected finding that condensin-dependent intra-chromosomal interactions in mitosis increase within a distinctive distance range that is characteristic for an organism, while longer and shorter-range interactions are suppressed. This reveals important molecular insight into chromosome architecture.

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Section: The Contribution Of Smc Complexes To Chromosome Condensationsupporting

confidence: 72%

SMC complexes orchestrate the mitotic chromatin interaction landscape

Kakui

Uhlmann

2017

Curr Genet

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“…In fission yeast, cohesins and condensins seem to play a major role in maintaining overall chromosome structure [13, 214, 254]. Recent studies revealed surprising roles of condensins in organizing centromeric regions in fission yeast [255, 256]. Thus, Hi-C studies suggest that there is higher-order organization to chromatin, though the precise role of heterochromatin, cohesins, condensins or other scaffolding proteins is still uncertain.…”

Section: Chromatin Interactions Within the Whole Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Matter of Scale and Dimensions: Chromatin of Chromosome Landmarks in the Fungi

2017

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Chromatin and chromosomes of fungi are highly diverse and dynamic, even within species. Much of what we know about histone modification enzymes, RNA interference, DNA methylation, and cell cycle control was first addressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Aspergillus nidulans and Neurospora crassa. Here, we examine the three landmark regions that are required for maintenance of stable chromosomes and their faithful inheritance, namely origins of DNA replication, telomeres and centromeres. We summarize the state of recent chromatin research that explains what is required for normal function of these specialized chromosomal regions in different fungi, with an emphasis on silencing mechanism associated with subtelomeric regions, initiated by sirtuin histone deacetylases and histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methyltransferases. We explore mechanisms for the appearance of “accessory” or “conditionally dispensable” chromosomes, and contrast what has been learned from studies on genome-wide chromosome conformation capture in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Neurospora crassa and Trichoderma reesei. While most of the current knowledge is based on work in a handful of genetically and biochemically tractable model organisms, we suggest where major knowledge gaps remain to be closed. Fungi will continue to serve as facile organisms to uncover the basic processes of life because they make excellent model organisms for genetics, biochemistry, cell biology and evolutionary biology.

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“…Despite lacking a synaptonemal complex, fission yeast meiotic chromosomes assemble axes, called linear elements (Olson et al 1978 ; Bähler et al 1993 ; Molnar 2003 ), consisting of proteins which are evolutionarily related to axial/lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex (Lorenz et al 2004 ), and building upon the existing mitotic chromosome axis organization (reviewed in Ding et al 2016 ; Iwasaki and Noma 2016 ). One of these components is Hop1 which, in contrast to other meiotic chromosome axis factors, is conserved on the protein sequence level with homologs from yeast to man (Lorenz et al 2004 ; Rosenberg and Corbett 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic interactions between the chromosome axis-associated protein Hop1 and homologous recombination determinants in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

2018

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Hop1 is a component of the meiosis-specific chromosome axis and belongs to the evolutionarily conserved family of HORMA domain proteins. Hop1 and its orthologs in higher eukaryotes are a major factor in promoting double-strand DNA break formation and inter-homolog recombination. In budding yeast and mammals, they are also involved in a meiotic checkpoint kinase cascade monitoring the completion of double-strand DNA break repair. We used the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which lacks a canonical synaptonemal complex to test whether Hop1 has a role beyond supporting the generation of double-strand DNA breaks and facilitating inter-homolog recombination events. We determined how mutants of homologous recombination factors genetically interact with hop1, studied the role(s) of the HORMA domain of Hop1, and characterized a bio-informatically predicted interactor of Hop1, Aho1 (SPAC688.03c). Our observations indicate that in fission yeast, Hop1 does require its HORMA domain to support wild-type levels of meiotic recombination and localization to meiotic chromatin. Furthermore, we show that hop1∆ only weakly interacts genetically with mutants of homologous recombination factors, and in fission yeast likely has no major role beyond break formation and promoting inter-homolog events. We speculate that after the evolutionary loss of the synaptonemal complex, Hop1 likely has become less important for modulating recombination outcome during meiosis in fission yeast, and that this led to a concurrent rewiring of genetic pathways controlling meiotic recombination.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00294-018-0827-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Condensin-mediated chromosome organization in fission yeast

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

SMC complexes orchestrate the mitotic chromatin interaction landscape

SMC complexes orchestrate the mitotic chromatin interaction landscape

A Matter of Scale and Dimensions: Chromatin of Chromosome Landmarks in the Fungi

Genetic interactions between the chromosome axis-associated protein Hop1 and homologous recombination determinants in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

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