Condensers

Serth, Robert W.; Lestina, Thomas G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397195-1.00011-x

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Δ T = T – T amb is the temperature rise with respect to the ambient temperature T amb . The surface heat transfer coefficient is assumed to be equal to h = 10 –3 W/(cm 2 K) that is typical for natural air convection . (d) Qualitative energy band diagram of the Au/InAs/InP 0.69 Sb 0.31 structure in the regime of full loss compensation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be pointed out that the net heat generation is quite high even at a low SPP power and can give substantial rise to the device temperature. Without a heat sink, the surface heat transfer coefficient can be roughly estimated as h = 10 –3 W/(K cm 2 ) (which is a typical value for natural air convection at standard conditions), and the temperature of the single active plasmonic waveguide on an InAs wafer can be roughly evaluated as Δ T ≈ ( P cont + P vol )/2 hw d , where w d is the wafer width. This simple expression demonstrates that for the 1 cm wide substrate the temperature rise is as high as 100 K, even at a very low SPP power.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Heating and Cooling of Active Plasmonic Waveguides

Vyshnevyy

Fedyanin

2015

ACS Photonics

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Loss compensation in plasmonic nanostructures gives a possibility to avoid problems with strong absorption in the metal and design deep-subwavelength optical components for practical applications. At the same time, pumping required for creation of population inversion produces a huge amount of waste heat, which can significantly increase the device temperature and degrade its performance. Eventually, self-heating is becoming a severe problem for active plasmonics, since it limits the maximum achievable optical gain. Here we report a comprehensive study of heat generation and transport in electrically pumped active plasmonic waveguides, in which the SPP propagation losses are compensated by gain in the adjacent semiconductor and present a strategy for their efficient cooling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Heating and Cooling of Active Plasmonic Waveguides

Vyshnevyy

Fedyanin

2015

ACS Photonics

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“…Regarding the methodology employed for sizing the main unit operations, particularly the distillation columns, we refer the reader to refs , , and . For the transesterifier, we employ a sizing approach based on a one-hour residence time, ensuring it operates at half of its capacity during nominal operation.…”

Section: Biodiesel and Glycerol Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We utilize residence times of five s for the column trays and 30 s for the condensers and reboilers. The sizing of other units follows similar heuristics. − Across all units with holdups, the sizing is such that they operate at approximately half of their capacity during nominal operation.…”

Section: Biodiesel and Glycerol Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design and Flexible Operation of a Fully Electrified Biodiesel Production Process

El Wajeh,

Mhamdi,

Mitsos

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The flexible operation of electrified chemical processes, powered by renewable electricity, offers economic and potentially ecological incentives, contributing to more sustainable chemical production. However, this requires a departure from the traditional steady-state operation, posing a challenge to process design and operation. We propose flexible biodiesel production by utilizing intermediate and final buffer tanks. We investigate the flexibility of three process configurations and compare the outcomes of their dynamic optimization strategies with those of a steady-state operation, considering a typical demand-side response scenario. For all strategies, we employ local gradient-based optimization and solve them using our open-source optimization framework DyOS. Our findings indicate that by incorporating intermediate tanks, we fully exploit the process flexibility potential, leading to energy savings of up to 29%. We also propose an implementation based on distributed optimization problems, yielding similar savings while significantly reducing computational costs by over 10-fold, thus paving the way toward online application.

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“…The behavior of bubbles formed during boiling has major consequences with respect to the properties or performance of many systems and processes. Among these are, for example, systems ranging from the simple home kettle to large, industrial heat exchangers, cavitation in industrial as well as biological systems, , and the highly debated phenomenon of nanobubbles (ref and references within). As is well known, homogeneous nucleation, namely, nucleation in an absolutely pure system, without any external nuclei, is highly unlikely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Boiling Nuclei by Insoluble Gas: Can a Nanobubble Cloud Exist?

Yarom

Marmur

2015

Langmuir

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Liquid boiling that starts off with an insoluble gas bubble is thermodynamically analyzed. This case is an idealization of very low gas solubility and very slow diffusion of this gas in the boiling liquid. The analysis is made for a spherical, freely suspended bubble as well as for a bubble attached to a solid surface. The results predict the spontaneous formation of a stable, critical bubble at pressures higher than the saturation pressure. Stable critical radii are also predicted for pressures lower than the saturation pressure but in addition to unstable, larger critical bubbles. These bubbles are affected by the presence and nature of a solid surface. The present analysis provides a basis for a feasible explanation of the long-debated, long-time stability of nanobubbles.

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Condensers

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Self-Heating and Cooling of Active Plasmonic Waveguides

Self-Heating and Cooling of Active Plasmonic Waveguides

Optimal Design and Flexible Operation of a Fully Electrified Biodiesel Production Process

Stabilization of Boiling Nuclei by Insoluble Gas: Can a Nanobubble Cloud Exist?

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