Condenser Tube Examination Using Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry

Amir, Noam; Barzelay, Oded; Yefet, Amir; Pechter, Tal

doi:10.1115/power2008-60169

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In order to fully describe the way sound propagates through the tubes of a PAT device, it is important to consider the effects of bends in the tubes, and reflections from both the tube ends and the microphone and speaker ports. Such acoustic perturbations can be detected by acoustic pulse reflectometry [11][12][13][14] which uses similar techniques to those described here, but by assuming the temperature is known, they use the information instead to detect partial blockages in boiler tubes. They report that smooth bends give rise to reflections at the junctions with straight regions, probably arising from small changes in cross-sectional area arising from the bending process.…”

Section: Bends and Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twin-tube practical acoustic thermometry: theory and measurements up to 1000 °C

Sutton¹,

Edwards²,

Veltcheva³

et al. 2015

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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We present details of a Practical Acoustic Thermometer (PAT), in which temperature is inferred from measurements of the speed of sound along acoustic waveguides. We describe both the theory of operation, and measurements on three devices at temperatures up to 1000 °C. Because the relationship between the speed of sound in a simple gas and absolute temperature is well understood, the mean temperature along a tube may be estimated from measurements of the frequency-dependent propagation constant. A PAT device made from two tubes of different lengths allows the temperature measurement region to be localised, creating an instrument functionally similar to conventional contact thermometers. Three twin-tube PAT devices were constructed and tested. PAT-A, made of silica, served to validate the technique with differences between the acoustic thermometer and a reference thermocouple of less than 2 °C at temperatures in the range from 100 °C to 1000 °C. PAT-B and PAT-C were made of Inconel-600, potentially more suitable for use in harsh environments. The Inconel devices deviated from expected behaviour in a reproducible manner, which after calibration allowed measurements with errors of less than ±1 °C in the range to 700 °C. No drift was observed up to 700 °C. The drift observed during prolonged exposure to higher temperatures is described and its likely causes discussed. In the longer term, similar technology may provide a means for the measurement of temperature in harsh environments such as those found in the nuclear industry.

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Section: Bends and Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twin-tube practical acoustic thermometry: theory and measurements up to 1000 °C

Sutton¹,

Edwards²,

Veltcheva³

et al. 2015

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Furthermore, the impulse response spectrum is improved by combining the low frequency components measured using a bass loudspeaker, with the higher frequency components measured using a compression-driver loudspeaker. Amir et al [17] later investigated the presence of corrosions, blockages etc. in a condenser pipe using pulse reflectometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of power reflection ratio and phase change to determine the geometry of a blockage in a pipe

Duan¹,

Kirby²,

Prisutova³

et al. 2015

Applied Acoustics

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Article:Duan, W., Kirby, R., Prisutova, J. et al.(1 more author) (2015) On the use of power reflection ratio and phase change to determine the geometry of a blockage in a pipe. Applied Acoustics, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.07.002 eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. 1On the use of power reflection ratio and phase change to determine the geometry of a blockage in a pipe the echo from the blockage. This presents a fast and efficient way of determining the presence of a blockage and this method is now being used, for example, to probe the integrity of sewer systems. In this article a method is presented for obtaining both the length and the equivalent cross-sectional area of a blockage using only a single microphone to capture the incident and reflected pulse. The method presented uses the change in phase between the incident and reflected acoustic signals caused by a blockage, as well as the difference in the amplitude of each pulse, to generate two independent equations from which the area ratio and the length of the blockage may be recovered. This requires measurements to be carried out in the plane wave region of the pipe, however it is shown that through appropriate processing of each signal in the frequency domain the area ratio and length of a relatively large number of blockages can be successfully recovered.

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“…The screening diagnosis system does not have this demerit because pipes with diameters ranging from 10 to 165 mm can be investigated with the aid of one transducer. The Dolfin system was developed by the Dutch company AcousticEye [3][4][5][6].…”

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confidence: 99%

New methods of technical diagnosis of pipelines

et al. 2012

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Trends of development of technical diagnosis methods are discussed, and experience of use and development of new technologies of acoustic monitoring of pipelines based on the use of waveguide properties of the monitored object is described.Technical diagnosis methods based on the use of physical phenomena and fields or physical monitoring methods are an important element in assuring industrial safety of technical devices and, in particular, pipelines.Current development of science and technology makes it possible to create, based on these methods, information technology -a combination of methods of getting, processing, transforming, transferring, and presenting information (Fig. 1). In practice, this term is used in a narrower sense for solving the referred tasks.In fact, practically all physical monitoring methods are used with the aid of computer engineering, which helps enhance their efficiency and reliability to a great extent, and computing capacity of computer helps acquire information or present it in visual (graphic) form.In developing diagnostic technologies, two basic directions can be distinguished: first -solving problems of enhancing reliability and sensitivity of monitoring; second -solving problems of enhancing efficiency and technological viability of the methods.Technologies of the first direction are, in greater part, in the domain of classical concepts of nondestructive monitoring (NM): based on magnitudes of detected defects, sensitivity, volumes, and efficiency of monitoring. Classical ultrasound still occupies the dominant place in NM (about 30% of the total volume of monitored objects). Ultrasonic method is implemented to a large extent by computerized devices, which allows one to consider it as information technology having a large database with respect to adjustments of sensitivity and makes it possible to store, process, and record monitoring data. To be distinguished, in particular, are devices and methods that use of B-and C-scanning and, consequently, implement special schemes of sounding and have transducer positioning system.Technologies targeted to spatial visualization of detected defects with the aid of mosaic (multielement) transducers can be combined under a common term -aperture synthesis method.The technologies of the second direction relate to development of express diagnostics, which disclose highly dangerous defects of considerable sizes. The efficiency of these methods is one order of magnitude higher than the classical, but in terms of number of detected defects, they are generally inferior to the classical.

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Condenser Tube Examination Using Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Twin-tube practical acoustic thermometry: theory and measurements up to 1000 °C

Twin-tube practical acoustic thermometry: theory and measurements up to 1000 °C

On the use of power reflection ratio and phase change to determine the geometry of a blockage in a pipe

New methods of technical diagnosis of pipelines

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