Condensed tannins in Trifolium species and their significance for taxonomy and plant breeding

Fay, Michael F.; Dale, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf00053459

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Only two Trifolium species, namely T. arvense and T. aﬄne, are known to accumulate significant levels of proanthocyanidins in leaves (Fay and Dale, 1993). Screening of the cDNA library from T. arvense led to the isolation of the family of R2R3-MYB transcription factors.…”

Section: Flavonoids As Nutraceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids: a metabolic network mediating plants adaptation to their real estate

2014

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From an evolutionary perspective, the emergence of the sophisticated chemical scaffolds of flavonoid molecules represents a key step in the colonization of Earth’s terrestrial environment by vascular plants nearly 500 million years ago. The subsequent evolution of flavonoids through recruitment and modification of ancestors involved in primary metabolism has allowed vascular plants to cope with pathogen invasion and damaging UV light. The functional properties of flavonoids as a unique combination of different classes of compounds vary significantly depending on the demands of their local real estate. Apart from geographical location, the composition of flavonoids is largely dependent on the plant species, their developmental stage, tissue type, subcellular localization, and key ecological influences of both biotic and abiotic origin. Molecular and metabolic cross-talk between flavonoid and other pathways as a result of the re-direction of intermediate molecules have been well investigated. This metabolic plasticity is a key factor in plant adaptive strength and is of paramount importance for early land plants adaptation to their local ecosystems. In human and animal health the biological and pharmacological activities of flavonoids have been investigated in great depth and have shown a wide range of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer properties. In this paper we review the application of advanced gene technologies for targeted reprogramming of the flavonoid pathway in plants to understand its molecular functions and explore opportunities for major improvements in forage plants enhancing animal health and production.

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Section: Flavonoids As Nutraceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids: a metabolic network mediating plants adaptation to their real estate

2014

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“…The clover genus Trifolium is one of the largest genera in the family Leguminosae, with approximately 255 species (Ellison et al, 2006). Only two Trifolium species, namely Trifolium arvense (rabbit's foot clover) and Trifolium affine (Trifolium preslianum), are known to accumulate significant levels of PAs in leaves (Fay and Dale, 1993). We used T. arvense complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries to identify R2R3-MYB TFs specific for the regulation of PA biosynthesis in legume leaves and isolated and functionally characterized the R2R3-MYB TF TaMYB14 as well as homologs from several Trifolium and Medicago species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression of the R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor TaMYB14 fromTrifolium arvenseActivates Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in the LegumesTrifolium repensandMedicago sativa

et al. 2012

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Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are oligomeric flavonoids and one group of end products of the phenylpropanoid pathway. PAs have been reported to be beneficial for human and animal health and are particularly important in pastoral agricultural systems for improved animal production and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. However, the main forage legumes grown in these systems, such as Trifolium repens and Medicago sativa, do not contain any substantial amounts of PAs in leaves. We have identified from the foliar PA-accumulating legume Trifolium arvense an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, TaMYB14, and provide evidence that this transcription factor is involved in the regulation of PA biosynthesis in legumes. TaMYB14 expression is necessary and sufficient to up-regulate late steps of the phenylpropanoid pathway and to induce PA biosynthesis. RNA interference silencing of TaMYB14 resulted in almost complete cessation of PA biosynthesis in T. arvense, whereas Nicotiana tabacum, M. sativa, and T. repens plants constitutively expressing TaMYB14 synthesized and accumulated PAs in leaves up to 1.8% dry matter. Targeted liquid chromatography-multistage tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified foliar PAs up to degree of polymerization 6 in leaf extracts. Hence, genetically modified M. sativa and T. repens plants expressing TaMYB14 provide a viable option for improving animal health and mitigating the negative environmental impacts of pastoral animal production systems.

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“…Expression of the R2R3‐MYB TaMYB14 gene from Trifolium arvense L., which is known to accumulate significant levels of CTs in leaves (Fay and Dale, 1993), in alfalfa yielded plants that accumulated CTs up to 1.0% DW in leaves (Hancock et al, 2012). This occurred, at least in part, through the upregulation of late biosynthetic genes within the phenylpropanoid pathway, such as ANR and LAR.…”

Section: Production Of Secondary Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Enhancement of Alfalfa: Improving Quality Traits for Superior Livestock Performance and Reduced Environmental Impact

2018

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Forage crops, including grasses and legumes, comprise a critical component of the livestock industry. Although alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely grown of the perennial leguminous forage species due to a number of positive attributes, it also suffers from various drawbacks related to inefficiencies in rumen fermentation. This results not only in the inferior conversion of plant‐derived nitrogen into milk and meat products, and associated economic losses for producers, but can also lead to serious health issues in livestock and have negative environmental impacts. Therefore, there is currently an impetus for the improvement of traits in alfalfa that could enhance nitrogen and energy use, provide health benefits to the livestock it feeds, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Since gains in this area using conventional breeding approaches have proven difficult to achieve, molecular breeding strategies are currently being assessed for their potential to provide a complementary approach. In this review, we examine progress made thus far with regards to improving such quality traits in alfalfa using biotechnological strategies and discuss future priorities and avenues that have the potential to support a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and productive livestock industry.

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Condensed tannins in Trifolium species and their significance for taxonomy and plant breeding

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Flavonoids: a metabolic network mediating plants adaptation to their real estate

Flavonoids: a metabolic network mediating plants adaptation to their real estate

Expression of the R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor TaMYB14 fromTrifolium arvenseActivates Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in the LegumesTrifolium repensandMedicago sativa

Molecular Enhancement of Alfalfa: Improving Quality Traits for Superior Livestock Performance and Reduced Environmental Impact

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