Concussion Increases Odds of Sustaining a Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury After Return to Play Among Collegiate Athletes

Brooks, M. Alison; Peterson, Kaitlin; Biese, Kevin; Sanfilippo, Jennifer; Heiderscheit, Bryan C.; Bell, David R.

doi:10.1177/0363546515622387

Cited by 182 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…A number of previous research reports indicate changes in postural sway measures occurring following recent concussions, for example, within 48 h post-injury [22] and up to 30 days post-injury [23]. The finding of a difference in a measure of postural sway extending out to months across a season is however consistent with recent reports of changes in performance characteristics and increased lower limb injury rates extending across seasons in concussed athletes [24,25]. This suggests that the concussion injury may produce residual changes in the balance control systems of the athlete that may result in a higher risk of injury following their return to sport.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?

Waddington

Trathen

Dickson

et al. 2017

Snow Sports Trauma and Safety

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Background: Currently, there are no recommended assessment protocols for monitoring possible effects of head injury in snowsports athletes who are in competition and training. Objective: This project evaluated the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2) for concussion assessment in a snowsport athlete group. In addition, the project determined the effectiveness of enhancing the SCAT2 protocol by using accelerometer smartphone technology in the balance assessment component of the test battery, with a view to an enhanced protocol for assessment of changes in human motor performance post-concussion injury. Methods: The research team recruited 22 athletes from the New South Wales Institute of Sport and the Olympic Winter Institute Australia snowsport athlete squads who were undertaking baseline sport science testing during the Australian 2012 and 2013 winter seasons. Results: Overall correlation between the SCAT 2 over two separate occasions was moderate/strong (Pearson's r = 0.58, p = 0.006). Examination of the subcategories within the SCAT2 indicated that the overall correlation was being mediated by the strong correlation of the subset "Symptom Score." The subset "Balance Score" did not correlate across test occasions (r = 0.42, p = 0.054). There were no other significant correlations across the two occasions of testing. Those who had reported a major head impact history, signified by damage to their helmet during the impact, were significantly older (21.5, SD 4.6 years) than the group not reporting a major head impact (17.5, SD 2.6 years). Two of the instrumented balance test measures, one in the double-leg stance and one in the single-leg stance protocol, showed a significant difference between the "major helmet impact" and "no helmet impact" groups warranting further investigation in a larger sample.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?

Waddington

Trathen

Dickson

et al. 2017

Snow Sports Trauma and Safety

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“…19 Postconcussion changes in cerebral functioning including prolonged deficits in attentional resource allocation and cognitive processing speed adversely affects postural control beyond the acute injury phrase. 3 There may be an elevated risk of injury both prior to and after a concussion, suggesting these individuals could be injury prone or partake in higher risk activities, which elevates the likelihood of all injuries. 9,36 As this study was unable to identify a directional relationship between injuries, it is possible individuals sustained the lower extremity injury first, which adversely affected their motor control thereby elevating the risk of subsequent concussion, or that these individuals are simply more injury prone overall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Concussion and Lower Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Athletes

et al. 2016

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Background:Concussions have been associated with elevated musculoskeletal injury risk; however, the influence of unreported and unrecognized concussions has not been investigated.Hypothesis:The purpose of this study was to examine the association between concussion and lower extremity musculoskeletal injury rates across a diverse array of sports among collegiate student-athletes at the conclusion of their athletic career. The hypothesis was that there will be a positive association between athletes who reported a history of concussions and higher rates of lower extremity injuries.Study Design:Cross-sectional study.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Methods:Student-athletes (N = 335; 62.1% women; mean age, 21.2 ± 1.4 years) from 13 sports completed a reliable injury history questionnaire. Respondents indicated the total number of reported, unreported, and potentially unrecognized concussions as well as lower extremity injuries including ankle sprains, knee injuries, and muscle strains. Chi-square analyses were performed to identify the association between concussion and lower extremity injuries.Results:There were significant associations between concussion and lateral ankle sprain (P = 0.012), knee injury (P = 0.002), and lower extremity muscle strain (P = 0.031). There were also significant associations between reported concussions and knee injury (P = 0.003), unreported concussions and knee injury (P = 0.002), and unrecognized concussions and lateral ankle sprain (P = 0.001) and lower extremity muscle strains (P = 0.006), with odds ratios ranging from 1.6 to 2.9.Conclusion:There was a positive association between concussion history and lower extremity injuries (odds ratios, 1.6-2.9 elevated risk) among student-athletes at the conclusion of their intercollegiate athletic careers.Clinical Relevance:Clinicians should be aware of these elevated risks when making return-to-participation decisions and should incorporate injury prevention protocols.

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“…However, an increase in symptoms and severity scores is witnessed in patients with a history of concussion (Table 3). Some studies have described that a concussion can increase the odds of sustaining a lower extremity musculoskeletal injury (15)(16)(17). However, due to our SCAT3 results in SAC and M-BESS section, there is not a significant deficit in cognitive and balance evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Baseline Properties of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) in Iranian Professional League Football Players

Hassanmirzae

Haratian²,

Moghadam

et al. 2017

Asian J Sports Med

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Background: SCAT3 is a standardized tool, which can evaluate injured athletes for concussion and provide us with the necessary baseline data. Like any other sport, playing football (soccer) carries a high risk of injury. Thus, this study investigated the baseline properties of SCAT3 in Iranian Professional League football players and evaluated the correlation between different factors and a history of concussion. Methods: All of the players of 16 different teams who would be participating in the 2016 -2017 Iranian Professional League (n = 368), were enrolled in this study. Completing SCAT3 was part of the pre-competition Medical assessment. Beside presenting the descriptive data, different variables were analyzed to evaluate the association with a "prior history of concussion", in order to find probable risk factors for head injuries. Results: Forty-one players have had a history of concussion in the previous year and data analysis among the different categories showed that having a history of concussion bore a significant correlation with number of symptoms and symptom severity (P values: 0.023 and 0.041, respectively). Conclusions: Athletes with a history of concussion reported an increased number of symptoms and a higher severity score, but other SCAT3 properties such as total SAC scores and M-BESS were not affected by a history of concussion. This study aids clinicians in evaluating athletes suffering injuries to the head during football matches.

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Concussion Increases Odds of Sustaining a Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury After Return to Play Among Collegiate Athletes

Cited by 182 publications

References 27 publications

A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?

A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?

Association Between Concussion and Lower Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Athletes

Baseline Properties of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) in Iranian Professional League Football Players

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