Concurrent validity of the Arabic version of General Medication Adherence Scale using two validated indirect adherences measures in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) using two validated scales namely Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) and Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted for 2 months in out-patient departments at a tertiary care hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The study collected data from patients with chronic illnesses through convenience sampling. Pearson correlation (ρ) was conducted to report concurrent validity of GMAS. A correlation coefficient value ≥ 0.5 with p-value < 0.01 was considered threshold for establishing concurrent validity. The study was approved by an ethics committee (IRB-2019–05-002). Results A total of 406 patients responded to the study. The average age was 42.4 ± 5.94 years, and most patients were females (53.7%), married (70%), graduates (65.3%), employed (39.9%) and, had a monthly family income > SAR 10,000, i.e., USD 2666.2 (56.4%). The mean adherence scores obtained from MARS, ARMS and GMAS were 7.09, 19.9, and 27.4. The correlation (ρ) between GMAS and MARS scores was 0.65, and between GMAS and ARMS scores was −0.79, p < 0.01 for both comparisons. Conclusion The concurrent validity of GMAS-AR was established in this study that would further substantiate psychometric properties of the scale in this population.

Arabic translation and cultural adaptation of Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale

“…Although there have been a few medication generic and disease-specific adherence scales translated and validated into the Arabic language besides the Hill-Bone CHBPT scale, none of these scales were specifically designed to assess patient adherence to HTN medications ( Ashur et al, 2015 , Shilbayeh and Ibrahim, 2020 , Souaiby et al, 2020 , Alhazzani et al, 2021 , Alammari et al, 2021 , Ibrahim et al, 2021 , Islam et al, 2021 , Mahmoud et al, 2021 , Awwad et al, 2022 ). Shahin et al utilized Arabic versions of the Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire (BMQ) and the Medication Adherence Questionnaire in Middle Eastern refugees and migrants with HTN in Australia to determine the association between medication beliefs and adherence ( Shahin, Kennedy et al, 2020 ).…”

Validation of the Arabic version of the general medication adherence scale in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan

“…This scale considers non-adherence due to the cost of medications which adds a financial aspect in reporting medication adherence. The concurrent validity of the Arabic version has been evaluated by correlating the adherence scores obtained by GMAS—AR with the ones obtained by the Arabic versions of Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) and MARS in Saudi Arabia ( Islam et al, 2021 ). Thus, validation of this scale is a prerequisite to enable clinicians to use the scale in Jordan.…”