Concurrent Validity of Caffeine Problems and Diagnostic Criteria for Substance Use Disorders

Abstract

Background: The DSM-5 proposes caffeine use disorder (CUD) as a condition for further study. The objective of this study was to report on the prevalence of CUD and rates of endorsement for each substance use disorder (SUD) criterion in relation to caffeine compared to alcohol and marijuana in a sample of adolescents presenting for medical care in the primary, adolescent, and substance use clinics at an academic medical center. Methods: A convenience sample of patients (N = 213; 66.7% female) aged 12-17 presenting for medical care completed the Composite Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module questionnaire, with questions regarding use of caffeine, alcohol, and marijuana. Descriptive analyses were used to determine prevalence of CUD and frequency of each endorsed SUD criterion as applied to caffeine versus alcohol or marijuana. Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) were used to determine psychometric properties for CUD. Results: The majority of subjects (N = 153) reported past 30-day caffeine use and of these, six (4%) met criteria for CUD. All six also met criteria for either alcohol and/or marijuana use disorders. Of the three essential CUD criteria (failure to quit, use despite harm, and withdrawal), both harm and withdrawal were endorsed significantly more often in relation to caffeine versus alcohol. Descriptive fit indices for the CUD model were excellent (CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.991). Conclusions: In our sample, the proportion of adolescents that met proposed CUD criteria was low, suggesting that the proposed criteria would not lead to overdiagnosis of CUD. CUD was highly correlated with other SUDs.

Prevalence and Correlates of Caffeine Use Disorder Symptoms Among a United States Sample

“…13 Studies have examined the prevalence of substance use disorder criteria as applied to caffeine, but the majority were conducted among special populations such as heavy or treatment-seeking caffeine consumers or psychiatric patients, they preceded the proposed DSM-5 criteria, or had relatively small sample sizes. 6,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The only general population examination of DSM-defined caffeine use disorder in the United States surveyed 162 current caffeine consumers in Vermont and found that 30% of caffeine consumers met generic DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence as applied to caffeine. 6 The estimated prevalence was less than 10% when a key-criteria strategy similar to that proposed by DSM-5 was adopted.…”

Prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine‐withdrawal headache during the first day of Ramadan

“…Individuals who regularly consume caffeinated beverages may develop a physical, emotional, and psychological dependence on them and may experience withdrawal symptoms with abrupt discontinuation 3 . According to multiple studies, caffeine use disorder (CUD) is clinically relevant and is included in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐V) 4,5 …”

“…3 According to multiple studies, caffeine use disorder (CUD) is clinically relevant and is included in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). 4,5 In 2015 the European Food Safety Authority 6 suggested that caffeine intake of 200 mg/day or 3 mg/kg body weight per day is safe for adults; however, daily caffeine intake relative to body weight remains more precise than the absolute amount of daily caffeine. On the other hand, CUD is another crucial factor worth considering, as the daily amount required for dependence varies from person to person.…”

A koffeinfogyasztás használati jellemzői és pszichológiai vonatkozásai

“…Az LCA-elemzéshez első körben a kávé-, tea koffeinfogyasztási motivációkra irányuló vizsgálatok nem vizsgálták (Irons et al, 2014), vagy csak részlegesen vizsgálták (Graham, 1988), hogy az egyes koffeintartalmú termékek fogyasztói között felfedezhetők-e különbségek a fogyasztási motivációk terén. A koffeinhasználati zavarra irányuló tanulmányok jelentős része (Harstad et al, 2016;McGregor & Batis, 2016;Striley et al, 2011) (Rogers et al, 1995).…”