“…In this branch, the Level Set Method (LSM) [15][16][17], the phase field method [18,19], the recently proposed Moving Morphable Components/Voids (MMC/V) method [20][21][22][23] and the Bubble method [24,25] have been obtained considerable discussions. These developed TO methods have been also applied to address several different numerical problems, like the dynamic optimization [26][27][28], compliant mechanisms [29,30], stress problems [31][32][33], robust designs [34][35][36], materials design [37][38][39][40][41], concurrent topology optimization [42][43][44][45][46][47][48].…”