Concurrent TMS and functional magnetic resonance imaging: methods and current advances

Bestmann, Sven; Ruff, Christian C.; Driver, Jon; Blankenburg, Felix

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0036

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…For these experiments, methods were developed to avoid artifacts , signal loss during the acquisition , and to find the most suitable rTMS protocols or cortical targets . Reviews of the applications and methodology in concurrent TMS/fMRI can be found in the literature .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel coil array for combined TMS/fMRI experiments at 3 T

Lara

Windischberger

Kuehne

et al. 2014

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeTo overcome current limitations in combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies by employing a dedicated coil array design for 3 Tesla.MethodsThe state‐of‐the‐art setup for concurrent TMS/fMRI is to use a large birdcage head coil, with the TMS between the subject's head and the MR coil. This setup has drawbacks in sensitivity, positioning, and available imaging techniques. In this study, an ultraslim 7‐channel receive‐only coil array for 3 T, which can be placed between the subject's head and the TMS, is presented. Interactions between the devices are investigated and the performance of the new setup is evaluated in comparison to the state‐of‐the‐art setup.ResultsMR sensitivity obtained at the depth of the TMS stimulation is increased by a factor of five. Parallel imaging with an acceleration factor of two is feasible with low g‐factors. Possible interactions between TMS and the novel hardware were investigated and were found negligible.ConclusionThe novel coil array is safe, strongly improves signal‐to‐noise ratio in concurrent TMS/fMRI experiments, enables parallel imaging, and allows for flexible positioning of the TMS on the head while ensuring efficient TMS stimulation due to its ultraslim design. Magn Reson Med 74:1492–1501, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel coil array for combined TMS/fMRI experiments at 3 T

Lara

Windischberger

Kuehne

et al. 2014

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…Focusing on fMRI and EEG, the examples discussed in this review establish principles and ideas that similarly apply to other imaging modalities. Finally, for safety considerations, technical and methodological details, and requirements for combining TMS with neuroimaging, the reader may refer to previous publications …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, for safety considerations, 14,20,21 technical and methodological details, and requirements for combining TMS with neuroimaging, the reader may refer to previous publications. 14,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] The below discussion is divided into three parts, the past, present, and potential future contributions to the field. First, early work, particularly in the motor system, is reviewed that provided evidence for the anatomically distributed effects of TMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined neurostimulation and neuroimaging in cognitive neuroscience: past, present, and future

Bestmann

Feredoes

2013

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Modern neurostimulation approaches in humans provide controlled inputs into the operations of cortical regions, with highly specific behavioral consequences. This enables causal structure–function inferences, and in combination with neuroimaging, has provided novel insights into the basic mechanisms of action of neurostimulation on distributed networks. For example, more recent work has established the capacity of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to probe causal interregional influences, and their interaction with cognitive state changes. Combinations of neurostimulation and neuroimaging now face the challenge of integrating the known physiological effects of neurostimulation with theoretical and biological models of cognition, for example, when theoretical stalemates between opposing cognitive theories need to be resolved. This will be driven by novel developments, including biologically informed computational network analyses for predicting the impact of neurostimulation on brain networks, as well as novel neuroimaging and neurostimulation techniques. Such future developments may offer an expanded set of tools with which to investigate structure–function relationships, and to formulate and reconceptualize testable hypotheses about complex neural network interactions and their causal roles in cognition.

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“…The right dlPFC was the target for stimulation so we analysed it separately from the rest of the MD system ( Figure 5, right panels). It is typical not to see effects at the stimulation site with our setup (Bestmann, Ruff, Driver, & Blankenburg, 2008), one reason for this being that the TMS coil may shield this part of the cortex from MR excitation and readout. Although the trend appeared to be in the same direction as the rest of the MD system, our ANOVA 29 (factors TMS, Feature, and Relevancy) detected no significant main effects or interactions (all ps > 0.2, all BF10 < 0.46).…”

Section: Right Dlpfc (Stimulated Site)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent neuroimaging and neurostimulation reveals a causal role for dlPFC in coding of task-relevant information

Jackson

Feredoes

Rich

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The way in which the brain prioritises processing of information relevant for our current goals is widely contested. Many studies implicate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and propose that it drives brain-wide focus by biasing processing in favour of relevant information. An alternative, however, is that dlPFC is involved in the inhibition of irrelevant information. Here, we address this longstanding debate using the inferentially powerful approach of applying transcranial magnetic stimulation during functional magnetic resonance imaging (concurrent TMS-fMRI) and testing for changes in information coding using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA). We ask whether dlPFC plays a causal role in prioritising information processing, and whether this is through selection of relevant information or inhibition of irrelevant information. Participants attended to one object feature whilst ignoring another feature of the same object. We reasoned that, if dlPFC is necessary for selection, active (disruptive) TMS should decrease coding of attended information compared to the low intensity (control) condition. Conversely, if right dlPFC is crucial for inhibition, active TMS should increase coding of irrelevant information relative to the control condition. The resultsshowed that active TMS decreased coding of relevant information throughout the frontoparietal multiple demand regions, and that this impact was significantly stronger than the effect of TMS on irrelevant information coding, which was not statistically detectable. These data provide causal evidence for a specific role of dlPFC in supporting the representation of task-relevant information and demonstrate the crucial insights into high level cognitive-neural mechanisms possible with the combination of TMS-fMRI and MVPA.

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Concurrent TMS and functional magnetic resonance imaging: methods and current advances

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

A novel coil array for combined TMS/fMRI experiments at 3 T

A novel coil array for combined TMS/fMRI experiments at 3 T

Combined neurostimulation and neuroimaging in cognitive neuroscience: past, present, and future

Concurrent neuroimaging and neurostimulation reveals a causal role for dlPFC in coding of task-relevant information

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