Concurrent Multiple Drug Use: Review and Implications

Sadava, Stanley W.

doi:10.1177/002204268401400403

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Gradations from nonuser to initiate, from initiate to regular user, and from regular to high user (and dependence) may mark changes in the effects of family variables, and these changes may not be of a linear kind. Yet another consideration to be taken into account is the effect of multiple drug use (Sadava, 1984). A youth who smokes 50 cigarettes a day but is not involved with other drugs is surely at a different point in terms of prediction than a youth with the same cigarette consumption who is heavily involved with other drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and Friends as Social Environments and Their Relationship to Young Adolescents' Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana

Hundleby

Mercer²

1987

Journal of Marriage and the Family

164

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This study examines the role of family and friends in accounting for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among young adolescents. The sample included 1,008 males and 1,040 females with a mean age of 14.5 years. Lack of parental affection, concern, involvement, and modeling appeared to be centralfactors in the family's influence, which accounted for up to 22% of the variance in drug use. Friends' delinquency and use of drugs largely determined the influence of friendship, which accounted for up to 40% of adolescent drug use. Comparisons are made between characteristics of family and friends. Family and friends have differing influences upon young people, and these in turn depend on chronological or biological age, culture, historical time, sex, personal characteristics, and the behavior in question. Influence as causation is difficult to demonstrate unequivocally; however, what can be shown is the extent of covariation between family or friendship characteristics and the behavior of interest. Such descriptive information is one source from which causative theories may be developed. This study concerns the extent to which drug use by young adolescents is related to characteristics of both their family and their friends. The importance of both family and friends in the prediction of drug use has been recognized for some time. However, research in this area has

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and Friends as Social Environments and Their Relationship to Young Adolescents' Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana

Hundleby

Mercer²

1987

Journal of Marriage and the Family

164

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“…Loneliness was measured with the revised 20-item UCLA scale (Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, 1980), and locus of control with the Reid and Ware (1974) instrument, including factor-analytically derived subscales representing fatalism (concern with luck or chance regarding personal outcomes), self-control (concern with personal impulses and desires), and social system control (concern with political and social influences). The alcohol questionnaire (described more fully in Sadava, 1984) includes measures of alcohol consumption, problems, and social variables referring to the past six months. Consumption is measured by quantity-frequency (Q-F), the product of the "typical" quantity consumed per occasion and the frequency of drinking occasions, and by the frequency of intoxication during that period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loneliness, social drinking, and vulnerability to alcohol problems.

Sadava

Thompson²

1986

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

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The revised UCLA measure of loneliness was strongly correlated to measures of alcohol problems (adverse consequences, perceived problem drinker status, coping functions) when controlling for level of alcohol consumption. It was not strongly related to retrospective and self-monitoring measures of alcohol consumption or to most alcohol-related social variables. Both loneliness and alcohol problems were related to external locus of control over personal consequences and impulses. Loneliness is discussed as a source of differential vulnerability to alcohol problems among relatively heavy drinkers.

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“…Our findings in regard to multiple drug experimentation are congruent with those of other investigators. Sadava 29 has noted that there is substantial covariation among the patterns of use of various drugs; as one drug is used more heavily, a wider range of other drugs tends to be used concurrently. Interestingly, in this sample, once severe cocaine use was initiated it tended to displace use of other drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Dependence: Behavioral Dimensions and Patterns of Progression

Khalsa¹,

Paredes²,

Anglin³

1993

American J Addict

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The authors report a longitudinal study describing the progression and circumstances of cocaine dependence within a large group of men with different usage histories, from initiation of use to entrance into a treatment program at a Veterans Affairs medical center several years later. Data illustrating the course of the disorder were retrospectively collected, using a “natural history” methodology successfully used in prior research. Four patterns of escalation of cocaine use are described. Generally, as the cocaine career progressed, there was a decrease in the consumption of alcohol and other drugs.

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Concurrent Multiple Drug Use: Review and Implications

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

Family and Friends as Social Environments and Their Relationship to Young Adolescents' Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana

Family and Friends as Social Environments and Their Relationship to Young Adolescents' Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana

Loneliness, social drinking, and vulnerability to alcohol problems.

Cocaine Dependence: Behavioral Dimensions and Patterns of Progression

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