Concurrent Langerhans cell histiocytosis and nephroblastoma

Abstract

Both Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and nephroblastoma are rare in children. We report herein the first case of a patient with both diseases concurrently. A 2-year-old female presented with bone pain and swelling of the right humerus. As a result of the local incision biopsy, she was diagnosed as LCH. A nephroblastoma of the left kidney was discovered during her staging work-up. After complete resection of the nephroblastoma, she received standard chemoradiotherapy for nephroblastoma. She is alive without relapse 14 months after initial presentation.