Concurrent HPLC detection of javamide‐I/‐II, caffeine, 3‐ O‐caffeoylquinic acid, 4‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid; their comparative quantification and disparity in ground and instant coffees

Abstract

Recent reports suggest that javamide‐I/‐II found in coffee contain anti‐inflammatory activity greater than 3‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid, 4‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid, 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid and caffeine. However, there is little information about javamide‐I/‐II amounts in coffee products, impossible to assess their biological activity. Furthermore, there is no reported high‐performance liquid chromatography method to simultaneously measure javamide‐I/‐II, 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acids, and caffeine. Therefore, a high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed with a photo diode array detector to measure these compounds concurrently in coffee products. A developed high‐performance liquid chromatography method showed a limit of detection (0.005 mg) and linear correlation coefficient of determination higher than 0.99 for javamide‐I/‐II. Also, using this method, great resolution and reproducibility were attained in analyzing coffee products (five ground and seven instant coffees). Javamide‐I/‐II (≤0.25 and ≤1.79 mg/g) were detected in seven and nine coffee products, respectively. However, 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acids (0.7–14.7 mg/g) and caffeine (10–41 mg/g) were detected in all coffee products. These data suggest higher discrepancy of javamide‐I/‐II than caffeine, 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acids in coffee products. Altogether, this high‐performance liquid chromatography method can be used in simultaneously measuring javamide‐I/‐II, caffeine, 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acids, and significant disparity in their quantities, especially javamide‐I/‐II, may be found in ground and instant coffees.

Deciphering the effects of kosmotrope and chaotrope salts during aqueous two phase extraction (ATPE) of polyphenolic compounds and glycoalkaloids from the leaves of a nutraceutical plant, Solanum retroflexum, with the aid of UPLC-QTOF-MS

“…Thus, the 5-CQA isomers that eluted at 2.59 and 3.51 min were trans-5-CQA and cis-5-CQA, respectively. The extracted CQAs are useful pharmacological compounds and were reported for anti-inflammatory activity [37][38][39]. The CQAs obtained using the various kosmotropes and chaotropes studied, are also summarized in Tables 1 and 2.…”

Comparative Compositional Analysis of Regular and Decaf Coffees by LC/MS and HPLC and Potential Effects on Inflammatory Cytokines Produced during Bacterial Infections

“…Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide. In addition, coffee consumption is reported to have beneficial health effects on several human diseases, including diabetes and fatty liver disease. − Moreover, several studies even indicate that beneficial effects of coffee consumption may be strongly associated with anti-inflammatory effects. − Coffee contains many bioactive compounds, such as caffeine, chlorogenic acids, and javamide-I/-II. − Among them, caffeine has been considered a major anti-inflammatory compound for years. − However, there is a proceeding question about caffeine’s anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, there are several reports suggesting that caffeine in coffee may not be a main compound responsible for anti-inflammation and other effects. − Based on caffeine content, coffee products are classified into regular and decaf coffee products in the market.…”