Concurrent avian malaria and avipox virus infection in translocated South Island saddlebacks (<i>Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus</i>)

Alley,; Hale, KA; Cash, W; Ha, Hyekyung; Howe, Laryssa

doi:10.1080/00480169.2010.68868

Cited by 56 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…haemoparasites, and avipox virus (Hale & Briskie 2009;Alley et al 2010). In mammals, experiments have shown that TLR2 forms heterodimers with TLR1/TLR6/ TLR10 to recognize di-and tri-acylated lipoproteins/peptides (Buwitt-Beckmann et al 2006).…”

Section: Inferring Contemporary Selection On Motuara Island (Tlrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While anthropogenic practices are common causative agents for population bottlenecks of threatened species, natural processes such as disease outbreaks may induce further population declines (Hale & Briskie 2009;Alley et al 2010;Ujvari & Belov 2011). In the case of disease, effects on genetic diversity at functional loci may differ from effects on neutral genetic diversity due to selective forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…South Island saddlebacks were widely distributed throughout New Zealand on the mainland of the South Island as well as on Stewart Island and a number of offshore islands before the introduction and spread of mammalian predators, specifically rats (Hoosen & Jamieson 2003 (Hale & Briskie 2009;Alley et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential patterns of diversity at microsatellite, MHC, and TLR loci in bottlenecked South Island saddleback populations

Knafler¹,

Grueber²,

Sutton³

et al. 2017

NZ J Ecol

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For populations that experienced historical population bottlenecks, subsequent contemporary bottlenecks may continue to degrade genetic diversity at loci that are still variable. However, it is currently unclear how different types of contemporary bottlenecks may affect diversity at functional versus neutral loci. In this study, we examine genetic diversity of microsatellite, major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and toll-like receptor (TLR) loci of three New Zealand South Island saddleback (Philesturnus carunculatus) populations: Big Island, Kaimohu Island and Motuara Island. One population, Motuara, experienced two sets of contemporary bottlenecks (translocation event followed by a disease-outbreak and population crash) and was sampled in three different years. For all populations and sampling periods, we compare patterns of diversity across the three sets of loci to infer the effects of contemporary bottlenecks. We found that translocation-induced bottlenecks resulted in greater losses of microsatellite than MHC diversity, whereas temporal (encompassing a potential disease-induced bottleneck) fluctuations in diversity were greater for MHC markers than microsatellite loci. Both translocation-and disease-induced contemporary bottlenecks affected TLR diversity to a greater extent than diversity of either microsatellites or MHC. We found significant temporal changes in the frequencies of two TLR1LA alleles on Motuara Island (coincident with the population crash), but no further subsequent change. These alleles differ by an amino acid variant (associated with the leucine-rich repeat region of TLR1LA). Since TLR1LA may initiate an innate immune response in the presence of haemosporidia parasites, it is possible that a selection event has contributed to the observed patterns at TLR1LA. Our results indicate that patterns of genetic diversity loss at microsatellite, MHC and TLR loci are not equally affected by contemporary population bottlenecks, and may be influenced by bottleneck type.

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Section: Inferring Contemporary Selection On Motuara Island (Tlrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential patterns of diversity at microsatellite, MHC, and TLR loci in bottlenecked South Island saddleback populations

Knafler¹,

Grueber²,

Sutton³

et al. 2017

NZ J Ecol

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“…2A). P. elongatum lineage GRW06 has been isolated from both North and South Island saddlebacks (Philesturnus carunculatus rufusater and P. carunculatus carunculatus, respectively; Alley et al 2010). Additional sequence is therefore needed to determine whether RBG2 also corresponds to this parasite lineage.…”

Section: Sequence Analysis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors probably interact to determine the severity and pathogenicity of Plasmodium infections, including parasite species and lineage, co-infection with multiple malarial parasites or concomitant infection with other pathogens, and host species, sex, or age (Weatherhead & Bennett 1992;Valkiū nas 2005;Marzal et al 2008;Palinauskas et al 2008;Alley et al 2010). The ecological and life history context of infection may also contribute to both the severity of primary infection and recrudescence of chronic infections by influencing host condition and stress-mediated responses during periods of poor food availability or unfavourable environmental conditions, or as the result of trade-offs between resources allocated to immune system function and energetically costly behaviours such as breeding and migration (Applegate 1970;Sheldon & Verhulst 1996;Møller 1997;Nordling et al 1998;Merino et al 2000;Garvin et al 2006;French et al 2009;Knowles et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodiuminfections of red-billed gulls (Larus scopulinus) show associations with host condition but not reproductive performance

Cloutier

Mills

Yarrall

et al. 2011

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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High prevalence of Plasmodium infection in some non-native bird species in New Zealand, coupled with distributional expansion of the introduced mosquito vector Culex quinquefasciatus, has raised concerns that immunologically naı¨ve native species might be increasingly at risk from malarial parasites. We combined polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of archived blood samples with long-term field data of red-billed gulls (Larus scopulinus) at Kaikoura Peninsula to estimate the prevalence of malarial infection and its effect upon host condition and breeding success. Plasmodium prevalence assessed with PCR was 7.893.4%, 10-fold greater than estimates from microscopic analysis of blood smears (c. 0.7%, Tompkins et al. 2010). Phylogenetic analysis of parasite cytochrome b sequences isolated from red-billed gulls indicates that lineage RBG1 falls within a clade containing P. cathemerium morphospecies, whereas RBG2, isolated from a single individual, clusters with P. elongatum. We show that red-billed gulls infected with Plasmodium have bred at Kaikoura dating back to at least 1992, that chronic infections of lineage RBG1 are maintained over several years in some individuals, and that infection is associated with decreased body condition in breeding individuals of both sexes. There is currently no evidence that Plasmodium infection is associated with reduced breeding performance. However, further study involving the ecological context and temporal dynamics of infection is needed to assess cumulative effects on lifetime reproductive success.

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Empirical Consideration of Parasites and Health in Reintroduction

Ewen

Acevedo‐Whitehouse

Alley

et al. 2012

Reintroduction Biology

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Concurrent avian malaria and avipox virus infection in translocated South Island saddlebacks (Philesturnus carunculatus carunculatus)

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Differential patterns of diversity at microsatellite, MHC, and TLR loci in bottlenecked South Island saddleback populations

Differential patterns of diversity at microsatellite, MHC, and TLR loci in bottlenecked South Island saddleback populations

Plasmodiuminfections of red-billed gulls (Larus scopulinus) show associations with host condition but not reproductive performance

Empirical Consideration of Parasites and Health in Reintroduction

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