Concurrent and longitudinal contributions of phonological awareness to early adolescent Chinese reading acquisition

Zhang, Haomin; Lin, Jiexin; Cheng, Xi; Wang, Chichi; Wei, Xiaobao

doi:10.1080/00221309.2022.2047003

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This discrepancy makes them more inclined to leave PHC and seek higher-paying professions, driven by pressures from family, society, and other factors (B. Zhang et al, 2023). Therefore, male CSP graduates with higher incomes tend to leave PHC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender income differences among general practitioners with compulsory services in early career stage in underdeveloped areas: evidence from a prospective cohort study in China

Tang,

Li,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Gender equality and the gender income gap in medicine are long-standing global problems. Although gender-related differences have been widely studied in developed countries, they remain unclear in underdeveloped regions. In 2010, China initiated a national compulsory service program (CSP) to train qualified general practitioners in rural and remote areas. This study aimed to evaluate gender income differences for early career CSP and non-CSP (NCSP) graduates in underdeveloped areas. A cohort study was conducted with 3620 CSP and NCSP graduates from four medical universities in Central and Western China. Baseline surveys and six follow-up surveys were conducted between 2015 and 2022. Incomes, including monthly mean income and proportion of performance-based income, were measured as the key outcome variables. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify the gender income gap. NCSP graduates had higher average monthly incomes than CSP graduates. In the seventh year after graduation, the average monthly income for NCSP graduates was 7859 CNY while was 5379 CNY for CSP graduates. After controlling for demographic characteristics, the gender monthly income gap for CSP graduates was expanded from the fourth year (3.0%) to the sixth year (5.9%) after graduation, and that for NCSP graduates was expanded from the fifth year (11.9%) to the seventh year (16.3%) after graduation. Regarding performance-based income, it was 58.9% for NCSP graduates and 45.8% for CSP graduates in the seventh year after graduation. After controlling for performance-based income proportion, the gender income gap was reduced from 5.9% to 4.0% in the sixth year after graduation for CSP graduates, and from 16.3% to 14.4% for NCSP graduates in the seventh year after graduation. An extensive and ever-increasing gender income gap exists among young doctors in the early stages of their careers in underdeveloped areas of China. The high proportion of performance-based income among men is one of the main explanations for the observed difference. A more explicit compensation system must be established to enhance support for female health workers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Income is a crucial factor in uencing whether GPs remain in primary health care systems (B. Zhang et al et al, 2023). Furthermore, the earnings disparity between genders has repercussions for the retention of GPs, with a notable in uence on the labor supply of female GPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender income differences among general practitioners with compulsory services in early career stage in underdeveloped areas: evidence from a prospective cohort study in China

Tang,

Li,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Preprint

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How Prosodic Sensitivity Contributes to Reading Comprehension: a Meta-Analysis

Tong,

Lentejas,

Deng

et al. 2023

Educ Psychol Rev

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Prosodic Transfer in English Literacy Skills among Chinese Elementary-Age Students: Controlling for Non-Verbal Intelligence

2022

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Building upon the prosodic transfer hypothesis, the current study aims to examine the intermediary effect of English stress on the relation between Chinese lexical tone awareness and English word-level literacy (reading and spelling) as well as the moderating effect of English oral vocabulary proficiency on the cross-linguistic association. Grade 4 Chinese learners of English (N = 224) participated in this study and were assessed for their tone and stress sensitivity, English oral vocabulary, English word reading, and English word spelling. Mediated multivariate analyses with moderation were used to explore: (1) whether the influence of lexical tone perception on L2 word reading and spelling was mediated by English stress as posited in the prosodic transfer hypothesis; (2) whether the effects of tone on English word reading and spelling performance varied as a function of oral vocabulary levels. The findings revealed a direct positive relationship between Chinese tone and English word reading and spelling, and the relationship was mediated by English stress awareness. Furthermore, the direct pathway from tone to English word-level literacy skills were moderated by oral vocabulary and the relationship between tone and English word-level skills became stronger as oral vocabulary levels increased; however, such strength reached a plateau among children without adequate oral vocabulary skills. These findings suggest the necessity to incorporate word spelling as an outcome in the cross-suprasegmental phonological transfer models of early literacy development. Additionally, the current study endorses the complexity of cross-language prosodic transfer. It points to a precise threshold for sufficient L2 oral vocabulary skills to enable tone transfer in English word-level literacy attainment.

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Concurrent and longitudinal contributions of phonological awareness to early adolescent Chinese reading acquisition

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Gender income differences among general practitioners with compulsory services in early career stage in underdeveloped areas: evidence from a prospective cohort study in China

Gender income differences among general practitioners with compulsory services in early career stage in underdeveloped areas: evidence from a prospective cohort study in China

How Prosodic Sensitivity Contributes to Reading Comprehension: a Meta-Analysis

Prosodic Transfer in English Literacy Skills among Chinese Elementary-Age Students: Controlling for Non-Verbal Intelligence

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