Concrete properties of a 1904 Hennebique reinforced concrete viaduct

Hellebois, Armande; Espion, Bernard

doi:10.2495/str110491

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The diameter of the cores, 83 mm, corresponds to the dimension of the core-drilling machine and the length of the cores depends on the thickness of each element (84 mm length for slab and column and 148 mm or 142 mm for the web of the beam). Therefore, the ratio between diameter and height is equal to 1, (Neville, 1996;Hellebois and Espion, 2011). Table 1 shows the results of the Young's modulus tests and compression tests.…”

Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Tests up to failure of a reinforced concrete Hennebique T-beam

Hellebois¹,

Espion²

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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Reinforced concrete constructions of the first generation (pre-1914) form part of our heritage and therefore should be preserved for future generations. Few experimental studies have been conducted on Hennebique continuous structures to estimate the actual bearing capacity of this reinforced concrete system, which was the most popular in many European countries at the turn of the twentieth century. Important information is therefore often missing for accurate modelling of the behaviour of the structure, although structural assessment is crucial in the reuse of any construction. This paper presents results from three bending tests up to failure, carried out on beams from a narrow-gauge railway viaduct designed by Hennebique and built in Belgium in 1904. They provide better understanding of the mechanisms of failure and reveal the main strengths and weaknesses of the typical Hennebique T-beam. The overlapping length of the rebars at the supports is found to be the crucial aspect, even if a large capacity of ductility is observed. Failure occurred owing to slipping of the upper rebars above the support area. This means that attention should be given to detailing. Consequently, localised structural strengthening with additional reinforcements is probably required when seeking to enhance the lifetime of these old reinforced concrete structures.

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Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, surveying the global state of conservation of the viaduct provides technological information on the railway bridge. For instance, the dimensional accuracy and honeycombs can be attributed to their methods of execution regarding the workability and compaction (Hellebois and Espion, 2011).…”

Section: Structures and Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tests up to failure of a reinforced concrete Hennebique T-beam

Hellebois¹,

Espion²

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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“…However, the compressive strength of old concrete construction sometimes varies and exhibits a wide range of compressive strengths [10]. Hellebois and Espion [3] investigated 107-year-old concrete samples taken from the Colo-Hugues viaduct, which was designed and built in 1904 in Belgium, and found different compressive strengths: 54.2 MPa for the slab, 33.3 MPa for beams, and 19.7 MPa for the column. Variation in the compressive strength of concrete is related to the type of aggregates and cement applied in concrete mixes [52] and is also affected by environmental conditions during the placement process of concrete mixes [53].…”

Section: Concrete Compressive Strength Frost Resistance and Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, it is possible to find many interesting descriptions related to the process of testing and repairing old concrete structures. Hellebois et al [2,3] performed an investigation on hardened concrete samples removed from a narrow-gauge railway viaduct (Colo-Hugues viaduct) built in Belgium in 1904. Mechanical and durability performance of the 100-year-old hardened concrete samples were found to be remarkably good.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of 95-Year-Old Concrete Built-In Arch Bridge

2020

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This research aimed to determine the durability and strength of an old concrete built-in arch bridge based on selected mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the concrete. The bridge was erected in 1925 and is located in Jagodnik (northern Poland). Cylindrical specimens were taken from the side ribs connected to the top plate using a concrete core borehole diamond drill machine. The properties of the old concrete were compared with the present and previous standard requirements and guidelines. The laboratory testing program consisted of the following set of tests: measurements of the depth of carbonated zone and dry density, water absorption tests, determination of concrete compressive strength and frost resistance, determination of modulus of elasticity, measurement of the pH value, determination of water-soluble chloride salt and sulfate ion content, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Large variations in the cylindrical compressive strength (14.9 to 22.0 MPa), modulus of elasticity (17,900 to 26,483 MPa), density (2064 to 2231 kg/m3), and water absorption (3.88 to 6.58%) were observed. In addition to the experiments, a brief literature survey relating to old concrete properties was also conducted. This paper can provide scientists, engineers, and designers an experimental basis in the field of old concrete built-in bridge construction.

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“…In most countries, there are old bridges that require maintenance, renovation, or reconstruction [ 3 ]. In the literature, it is possible to find many interesting investigations related to the process of testing and repairing old concrete bridges [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] or to the structural analysis of old bridges [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Reconstruction and renovation of old bridge structures and adaptation to new traffic loads are complex issues often requiring not only the experience of civil engineers, but also that of the scientific community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 95-Year-Old Concrete Arch Bridge: From Materials Characterization to Structural Analysis

Ambroziak

Malinowski

2021

Materials

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The structural analysis of a 95-year-old concrete arch bridge located in Jagodnik (Poland) is performed in this paper, in order to check its behavior under today’s traffic loads. The mechanical properties of both the concrete and the reinforcement are investigated by testing cores and bar stubs extracted from the bridge. Structural analysis confirms that the bridge meets today’s load requirements in terms of bearing capacity, serviceability state, and that the adopted structural improvements (a new deck slab on top of the existing structure and a layer of mortar to protect the surface of the old concrete) are effective. In this way, the 95-year-old arch bridge was given a new life. The structural improvements show how combining numerical modelling and laboratory tests can contribute to the preservation of an old—though fairly simple—and valuable structure, otherwise destined to demolition, with both environmental and economic benefits.

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Concrete properties of a 1904 Hennebique reinforced concrete viaduct

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Tests up to failure of a reinforced concrete Hennebique T-beam

Tests up to failure of a reinforced concrete Hennebique T-beam

Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of 95-Year-Old Concrete Built-In Arch Bridge

A 95-Year-Old Concrete Arch Bridge: From Materials Characterization to Structural Analysis

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