Concordant monsoon-driven postglacial hydrological changes in peat and stalagmite records and their impacts on prehistoric cultures in central China

Xie, Shucheng; Evershed, Richard P.; Huang, Xianyu; Zhu, Zongmin; Pancost, Richard D.; Meyers, Philip A.; Gong, Li; Hu, Chaoyong; Huang, Junhua; Zhang, Shihong; Gu, Yansheng; Zhu, Jiang

doi:10.1130/g34318.1

Cited by 186 publications

(167 citation statements)

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“…6. Comparison of selected representative Holocene humidity records from the EASM region: (A) paleoprecipitation record based on pollen assemblages from Gonghai Lake ; (B) hopanoid mass accumulation rates from Dajiuhu peat bog (Xie et al, 2013); (C) stalagmite ARM/SIRM record from Heshang Cave (Xie et al, 2013); (D) ΔδC 31-29 record from Huguangyan Lake (Jia et al, 2015); and west-east Equatorial Pacific thermal gradient record (E, Koutavas and Joanides, 2012) and Northern Hemisphere summer insolation record (F, Laskar et al, 2004Laskar et al, , 2011. The blue bars represent the humid interval of the mid-Holocene (ca.…”

Section: Evolution Of Humidity In the Easm Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected results from the Dajiuhu peat bog and stalagmite from Heshang Cave (Fig. 1), from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, to represent the Holocene paleo-humidity evolution of the area (Xie et al, 2013). The mass accumulation rates of hopanoids from Dajiuhu peat bog were adopted as indicators of water level variations in the peatland.…”

Section: Evolution Of Humidity In the Easm Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the long-term palaeoclimatic controls on the δD and δ18O of precipitation during the Holocene in the Indian and East Asian monsoonal regions

Rao

Zhang

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

109

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This paper aims to achieve an improved understanding of the long-term change trends of precipitation δD and δ 18 O values (δD p and δ 18 O p ) in the Asian monsoonal region and their relationship with the corresponding humidity trends during the Holocene. To do this we first review the observed modern spatial pattern of summer precipitation distribution in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) region under different EASM intensities, and the relationship between modern observed δ 18 O p values and corresponding precipitation amounts on monthly and inter-annual timescales in the EASM and Indian summer monsoon (ISM) regions. Second, we compare Holocene lacustrine and marine compound-specific hydrogen isotopic records of n-alkanes/n-alkanoic acid (δD n ), lacustrine authigenic carbonate and cave stalagmite oxygen isotopic records (δ 18 O c and δ 18 O s ) from the Asian monsoonal region, all of which are closely related to δD p and δ 18 O p variations. The results demonstrate that in both the ISM and EASM regions, all of these isotopic records exhibit roughly similar long-term characteristics, i.e. they were all more negative during the early-Holocene and early mid-Holocene (ca. 11-6 ka B.P.; B.P. means before present, present = 1950 AD), and then became more positive towards the late-Holocene. Third, we compare representative paleo-humidity records from the Asian monsoonal region; the results confirm that, in the ISM region, a humid interval occurred in the early-Holocene and early mid-Holocene (ca. 11-6 ka B.P.) and subsequently the climate became more arid towards the late-Holocene. This indicates an enhanced ISM during the early-Holocene and early mid-Holocene (ca. 11-6 ka B.P.), and an ISM of decreasing intensity towards the late-Holocene. On a Holocene orbital scale, both δ 18 O p and δD p appear to be controlled by an "amount effect" in the ISM region, consistent with the region's inter-annual modern δ 18 O p data. This evidence indicates that both δ 18 O p and δD p paleo-records are significantly related to paleo-humidity in the ISM region. In contrast, Holocene humidity variations in the EASM region exhibit clear spatial differences: a humid mid-Holocene interval (ca. 8-3 ka B.P.) occurred in southern and northern China, but an arid interval from ca. 7-3 ka B.P. occurred in central China, in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Based on precipitation distribution patterns under different EASM intensities in the EASM region over the past few decades, we conclude that EASM intensity was enhanced during the mid-Holocene (ca. 8-3 ka B.P.). Relative to the ISM intensity, the response of EASM intensity to summer insolation was relatively slow. In the EASM region the relationship between climate and δ 18 O p and δD p is more complex, consistent with analyses of regional inter-annual modern δ 18 O p data. This evidence demonstrates that both δ 18 O p and δD p paleo-records cannot be used directly as paleo-humidity (i.e. precipitation amount or EASM intensity) indicators in the EASM region. Further comparison and ...

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Section: Evolution Of Humidity In the Easm Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution Of Humidity In the Easm Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the long-term palaeoclimatic controls on the δD and δ18O of precipitation during the Holocene in the Indian and East Asian monsoonal regions

Rao

Zhang

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

109

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“…Speleothems may grow continuously for thousands of years, and can be dated with very high accuracy and precision using 230 Th dating, a technique that can be reliably used on specimens younger than 700-600 ka (Edwards et al, 2003;Dorale et al, 2004;Cheng et al, 2013). Recent speleothem magnetism studies have shown that magnetic minerals encapsulated in stalagmites (e.g., Strauss et al, 2013;Font et al, 2014) can be used successfully in dating geomagnetic excursions (Osete et al, 2012), as well as for reconstructing hydrologic and climatic variations (Xie et al, 2013;Bourne et al, 2015). Here we present a speleothem geomagnetic record from Crevice Cave, Missouri, USA (Dorale et al, 1998) that captures the changes in geomagnetic field direction and intensity associated with the Laschamp excursion, dated directly on speleothem calcite using a combination of high-precision 230 Th dating and incremental chronometry from annual growth laminae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of the Laschamp excursion determined by U-Th dating of a speleothem geomagnetic record from North America

Lascu

Feinberg

Dorale

et al. 2016

Geology

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The Laschamp geomagnetic excursion was the first short-lived polarity event recognized and described in the paleomagnetic record, and to date remains the most studied geomagnetic event of its kind. In addition to its geophysical significance, the Laschamp is an important global geochronologic marker. The Laschamp excursion occurred around the time of the demise of Homo neanderthalensis, in conjunction with high-amplitude, rapid climatic oscillations leading into the Last Glacial Maximum, and coeval with a major supervolcano eruption in the Mediterranean. Thus, precise determination of the timing and duration of the Laschamp excursion would help in elucidating major scientific questions situated at the intersection of geology, paleoclimatology, and anthropology. Here we present a North American speleothem geomagnetic record of the Laschamp excursion that is directly dated using a combination of high-precision 230 Th dates and annual layer counting using confocal microscopy. We have determined a maximum excursion duration that spans the interval 42.25-39.70 ka B.P., and an age of 41.10 ± 0.35 ka B.P. for the main phase of the excursion, during which the virtual geomagnetic pole was situated at the southernmost latitude in the record. Our chronology provides the first age bracketing of the Laschamp excursion using radioisotopic dating, and improves on previous age determinations based on 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of lava flows, and orbitally tuned sedimentary and ice-core records.

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“…Recent advances in measurement sensitivity have opened up speleothems as viable archives of magnetic information (7,11). Here, we examine whether such magnetic records can provide an opportunity to identify extreme precipitation events, such as storms, by measurement of magnetic minerals in a stalagmite from central China, a region strongly influenced by both the Eastern Asian and Indian monsoon systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic minerals, transported by groundwater from soils overlying the cave system, are incorporated into speleothems as they grow, and long-term changes in precipitation can be recorded by magnetic minerals in speleothems (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Recent advances in measurement sensitivity have opened up speleothems as viable archives of magnetic information (7,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene ENSO-related cyclic storms recorded by magnetic minerals in speleothems of central China

Zhu

Feinberg

Xie

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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163

137

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Extreme hydrologic events such as storms and floods have the potential to severely impact modern human society. However, the frequency of storms and their underlying mechanisms are limited by a paucity of suitable proxies, especially in inland areas. Here we present a record of speleothem magnetic minerals to reconstruct paleoprecipitation, including storms, in the eastern Asian monsoon area over the last 8.6 ky. The geophysical parameter IRMsoft-fluxrepresents the flux of soil-derived magnetic minerals preserved in stalagmite HS4, which we correlate with rainfall amount and intensity. IRMsoft-fluxexhibits relatively higher values before 6.7 ky and after 3.4 ky and lower values in the intervening period, consistent with regional hydrological changes observed in independent records. Abrupt enhancements in the flux of pedogenic magnetite in the stalagmite agree well with the timing of known regional paleofloods and with equatorial El Niño−Southern Oscillation (ENSO) patterns, documenting the occurrence of ENSO-related storms in the Holocene. Spectral power analyses reveal that the storms occur on a significant 500-y cycle, coincident with periodic solar activity and ENSO variance, showing that reinforced (subdued) storms in central China correspond to reduced (increased) solar activity and amplified (damped) ENSO. Thus, the magnetic minerals in speleothem HS4 preserve a record of the cyclic storms controlled by the coupled atmosphere−oceanic circulation driven by solar activity.

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Concordant monsoon-driven postglacial hydrological changes in peat and stalagmite records and their impacts on prehistoric cultures in central China

Cited by 186 publications

References 20 publications

Investigating the long-term palaeoclimatic controls on the δD and δ18O of precipitation during the Holocene in the Indian and East Asian monsoonal regions

Investigating the long-term palaeoclimatic controls on the δD and δ18O of precipitation during the Holocene in the Indian and East Asian monsoonal regions

Age of the Laschamp excursion determined by U-Th dating of a speleothem geomagnetic record from North America

Holocene ENSO-related cyclic storms recorded by magnetic minerals in speleothems of central China

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