Concordances Morphologiques Entre Le Basque Et Les Langues Caucasiques

Lafon, R

doi:10.1080/00437956.1951.11659408

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In this context, it is not surprising that we failed to identify the remnants of a putative Paleolithic background shared between Basques and Georgians, as has been postulated from a linguistic standpoint (Lafon, 1951). However, we failed to identify any genetic connection between Basques and Georgians, in spite of a putative Neolithic migration postulated by Calderón et al (1998) based on immunoglobulin typing in Basques (but not in Caucasians).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…The patterns of genetic variation in the Caucasus, including Georgia, as depicted by classical markers (i.e., blood groups and protein electromorphs), do not seem compatible with Neolithic demic diffusion (Barbujani et al, 1994). A similarity between Basque and Caucasian languages has been repeatedly suggested (Lafon, 1951;Gamkrelidze and Ivanov, 1990;Ruhlen, 1991). Both groups are linguistic isolates and it is possible that both languages are the remnants of those spoken in Europe before the expansion of the Indo-European languages (Renfrew, 1987;Barbujani and Pilastro, 1993).…”

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confidence: 81%

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Georgian and Kurd mtDNA sequence analysis shows a lack of correlation between languages and female genetic lineages

Comas

Calafell

Bendukidze

et al. 2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Mitochondrial DNA sequences from Georgians and Kurds were analyzed in order to test the possible correlation between female lineages and languages in these two neighboring West Eurasian groups. Mitochondrial sequence pools in both populations are very similar despite their different linguistic and prehistoric backgrounds. Both populations present mtDNA lineages that clearly belong to the European gene pool, as shown by 1) similar nucleotide and sequence diversities; 2) a large number of sequences shared with the rest of European samples; 3) nonsignificant genetic distances; and 4) classification of the present lineages into the major European mtDNA haplogroups already described. The outlier position of the populations from the Caucasus according to classical genetic markers is not recognized in the present Georgian mtDNA sequence pool. This result suggests that the differentiation of mtDNA sequences in West Eurasia and the outlier features of Caucasian populations should be attributed to different processes. Moreover, the putative linguistic relationship between Caucasian groups and the Basques, another outlier population within Europe for classical genetic markers, is not detected by the analysis of mtDNA sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Georgian and Kurd mtDNA sequence analysis shows a lack of correlation between languages and female genetic lineages

Comas

Calafell

Bendukidze

et al. 2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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“…Our comparative analysis is in agreement with the hypothesis that they represent a Palaeolithic isolate with little Neolithic demic input as deduced from the shortage of Neolithic lineages (2.4%). It is also in favour of the existence of a common genetic background between Basques and other Iberian populations as has been repeatedly proposed 2,25,26 and against the Georgian connection suggested on the basis of language concordances 27 and on the relative sharing of some nuclear markers. 28 Within the Iberian Peninsula, Basques have the smallest distances with their nearby populations of Central Peninsula and Galicia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mitochondrial DNA characterisation of European isolates: The Maragatos from Spain

Larruga

Dı́ez²,

Pinto

et al. 2001

Eur J Hum Genet

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Mitochondrial DNA analysis confirms that Maragatos from Spain are a genetically isolated human group. Genetic distances between Maragatos and the comparison samples are significantly different even with the Leo Â n sample (P50.001) which shares the same geographic area as the Maragatos. Although the northAfrican haplogroup U6 is present in them, their attributed Berber origin is weakened, as this haplogroup is also detected in surrounding populations with which, in addition, Maragatos have the smaller genetic distances. These U6 haplotypes are ascribed to a pre-historic African colonisation that influenced all the Iberian Peninsula. The presence of Neolithic haplogroups in this sample suggests that their isolation culture was not absolute until recent times. European Journal of Human Genetics (2001) 9, 708 ± 716.

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“…Both the MDS data and the NJ data failed to identify the remnants of a putative Paleolithic background shared between Georgians and Basques, as some authors have claimed based mainly on linguistic criteria (Lafon 1951). If the Caucasian and Basque languages really are related pre-Indo-European languages of Paleolithic antiquity, one might expect to see evidence of genetic affinity between both groups.…”

Section: Diversity Parametersmentioning

confidence: 83%

Sequence polymorphisms of the mtDNA control region in a human isolate: the Georgians from Swanetia

Alfonso‐Sánchez

Martínez-Bouzas

Castro³

et al. 2006

J Hum Genet

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In this work, we analyzed the sequence diversity of the mtDNA control region (HVI and HVII) in a sample of 48 individuals from Swanetia (Georgia), using direct fluorescent-based sequencing methods. We identified 43 different mtDNA haplotypes resulting from 78 polymorphic sites (46 in HVI and 32 in HVII). Most of the variable positions identified in both HVI and HVII were transitions (82.6 and 71.9%, respectively). The frequency of length heteroplasmy in the homopolymeric C-stretch regions was the same for both segments (10.4%). The sequence diversity increased markedly when both hypervariable regions were analyzed jointly (HVI: 0.985, HVII: 0.975, HVI+HVII: 0.994). Accordingly, the probability of two randomly selected sequences matching (random match probability, RMP) decreased from 3.4% (HVI) to 2.6% (HVI+HVII), despite which the RMP values in Georgians remained higher than estimated in most Europeans. This suggests that the variability of maternal lineages tends to be lower in traditional human isolates and, therefore, the potential of discrimination of mtDNA in forensic analysis is more limited in this type of population. The incorporation of HVII data also contributed to the refinement of results regarding the genetic relationships among the samples included in the analyses, which stress the importance of considering HVII in both population and forensic genetics.

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Concordances Morphologiques Entre Le Basque Et Les Langues Caucasiques

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Georgian and Kurd mtDNA sequence analysis shows a lack of correlation between languages and female genetic lineages

Georgian and Kurd mtDNA sequence analysis shows a lack of correlation between languages and female genetic lineages

Mitochondrial DNA characterisation of European isolates: The Maragatos from Spain

Sequence polymorphisms of the mtDNA control region in a human isolate: the Georgians from Swanetia

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