Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Kinany, Khaoula El; Huybrechts, Inge; Kampman, Ellen; Boudouaya, Hanae Abir; Hatime, Z.; Deoula, Meimouna Mint Sidi; Asri, Achraf El; Benslimane, Abdelilah; Nejjari, Chakib; Ibrahimi, Sidi Adil; Mrabti, Hind; Abda, Naïma; Alaoui, R.; Gunter, Marc J.; Rhazi, Karima El

doi:10.1002/ijc.32263

Cited by 25 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In agreement with the results obtained, El Kinany and coworkers [16] found that greater adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR score decreased overall CRC risk by 42% after comparing 1516 cases with 1516 controls in Morocco. Similarly, a 24-year-follow-up cohort study [13], with 68,977 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 45,442 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, found a statistically significant inverse association between adherence to the updated WCRF/AICR score and the incidence of CRC risk in men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Some prospective cohort studies [6,[8][9][10][11][12][13] and case-control studies [14][15][16] have evaluated the associations between CRC risk and adherence to cancer-specific nutritional recommendations with inconsistent results. However, limited longitudinal studies [13,16] have been conducted to assess associations based on the updated 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR and the Low-Risk Lifestyle Scores with Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Predimed Study

Barrubés

Babió

Hernández‐Alonso

et al. 2020

JCM

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Limited longitudinal studies have been conducted to evaluate colorectal cancer (CRC) mass index) in the Spanish PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) cohort. We studied 7216 elderly men and women at high cardiovascular risk. The 2018 WCRF/AICR and LRL scores were calculated. Multivariable Cox proportional regression models were fitted to estimate the HRs (hazard ratios) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CRC events. During a median interquartile range (IQR) follow-up of 6.0 (4.4-7.3) years, 97 CRC events were considered. A significant linear association was observed between each 1-point increment in the WCRF/AICR score (score range from 0 to 7) and CRC risk (HR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.63-0.99)). Similarly, each 1-point increment in the LRL score (score range from 0 to 5) was associated with a 22% reduction in CRC risk (0.78 (0.64-0.96)). Adhering to emergent lifestyle scores might substantially reduce CRC incidence in elderly individuals. Further longitudinal studies, which take different lifestyle indexes into account, are warranted in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR and the Low-Risk Lifestyle Scores with Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Predimed Study

Barrubés

Babió

Hernández‐Alonso

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Only a few reports investigated the association between the 2018 release of the WCRF/AICR recommendations and cancer risk [42,[46][47][48]. The present study is the first evaluating the updated recommendations in the prevention of invasive breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and the Risk of Breast Cancer

et al. 2020

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The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) introduced in 2007, and updated in 2018, nutrition-related recommendations for cancer prevention. Previous studies generally reported inverse associations of breast cancer with the 2007 recommendations, while no study has yet evaluated the association with the 2018 guidelines. We investigated the association between adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations and breast cancer risk in a case–control study from Italy and Switzerland (1991–2008) including 3034 incident histologically-confirmed breast cancer cases and 3392 hospital controls. Adherence to the 2018 guidelines was summarized through a score incorporating eight recommendations (body fatness, physical activity, consumption of wholegrains/vegetables/fruit/beans, “fast foods” and other processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars, red/processed meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, alcohol, breastfeeding), with higher scores indicating higher adherence. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. We also conducted a meta-analysis including 15 additional studies using random-effects models. In our case–control study, adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines was inversely associated with breast cancer, with ORs of 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.51–0.70) for a score ≥5.5 vs. ≤4.25, and of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79–0.88) for a 1-point increment. In our study, 25% of breast cancers were attributable to low-to-moderate guideline adherence. In the meta-analysis, the pooled relative risks (RRs) were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.65–0.82, p heterogeneity among studies < 0.001) for the highest vs. the lowest WCRF/AICR score category, and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94, p heterogeneity < 0.001) for a 1-point increment. This work provides quantitative evidence that higher adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations reduces the risk of breast cancer, thus opening perspectives for prevention.

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“…Therefore, to prevent (or minimize) the inclusion of false controls, all controls were systematically asked questions about their medical history and clinical symptoms related to CRC. A detailed description of the methodology and the study design has previously been published . In summary, 2,906 matched cases–controls pairs aged 18 years or above and matched by age, sex and center were recruited from 2009 to 2017 at the largest five university hospitals located in Rabat, Casablanca, Oujda, Marrakech and Fez.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of the methodology and the study design has previously been published. 15,16 In summary, 2,906 matched cases-controls pairs aged 18 years or above and matched by age, sex and center were recruited from 2009 to 2017 at the largest five university hospitals located in Rabat, Casablanca, Oujda, Marrakech and Fez. The informed consent was obtained prior to participation in the study.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of meat, traditional and modern processed meat and colorectal cancer risk among the Moroccan population: A large‐scale case–control study

Deoula

Kinany

Huybrechts

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between red and white meat subtypes, processed meat (divided into traditional “Khlii, Kaddid” and industrially processed meat) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, considering CRC subsites, in Moroccan adults. A case–control study was conducted including 2,906 matched case–control pairs recruited from the five largest university hospitals in Morocco. Dietary data were collected through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), for the association of CRC risk with meat consumption (high vs. low intake), were estimated using conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant confounding variables. Overall, consumption of red meat was positively associated with colon cancer and CRC risk (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05–1.44; OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02–1.27), respectively. In contrast, no significant association was observed between the consumption of red meat and rectal cancer risk (OR = 1.05, 95% = 0.90–1.23). Interestingly, while processed meat from industrial processes was positively associated with colon cancer, rectal cancer and CRC (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.27–2.04; OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.34–2.23; OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.41–1.98), processed meat prepared using traditional methods was inversely associated with colon cancer and CRC risk (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.57–0.98; OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.64–0.93), respectively. Furthermore, positive associations were observed between poultry intake and colon cancer risk among men (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.01–1.59). Our study showed similar associations between the consumption of red meat and CRC risk in Morocco as in developed countries, while inverse associations were found for traditionally processed meat products. This is the first study to investigate the differential effects of traditional vs. westernized processed meat products in a developing country. Other studies are needed to confirm these findings and to understand the physiological pathways underlying these associations.

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Concordance with the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations for cancer prevention and colorectal cancer risk in Morocco: A large, population‐based case–control study

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR and the Low-Risk Lifestyle Scores with Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Predimed Study

Association between the 2018 WCRF/AICR and the Low-Risk Lifestyle Scores with Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Predimed Study

Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and the Risk of Breast Cancer

Consumption of meat, traditional and modern processed meat and colorectal cancer risk among the Moroccan population: A large‐scale case–control study

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