Concordance of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Danish Twins: Results of a Nationwide Study

Orholm, Marianne; Binder, Vibeke; Sørensen, T. I. A.; Rasmussen, Lars P.D.; Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm

doi:10.1080/003655200451207

Cited by 317 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Tobacco use is one confirmed environmental factor that increases the severity of CD [22,23]. The risk for CD is 13-fold higher in first-degree relatives of individuals affected with CD [24], and CD concordance rates are 50–60% in monozygotic twins [25,26]. Taken together, this suggests that CD progression is most likely coordinated by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Kanaan¹,

Ahmad²,

Bilchuk³

et al. 2012

Dig Surg

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Aim: To investigate genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with perianal Crohn’s disease (PCD) in order to determine which factors predispose to development of perianal disease in Crohn’s patients. Methods: Seven-hundred and ninety-five Caucasian individuals (317 CD patients and 478 controls without inflammatory bowel disease, IBD) were prospectively enrolled into a clinical/genetic database. Demographic and clinical data, as well as peripheral blood leukocyte DNA were obtained from all patients. The following were evaluated: three NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms: R702W, G908R, and 1007insC; five IL-23r risk alleles: rs1004819, rs10489629, rs2201841, rs11465804, and rs11209026; a well-characterized single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the IBD5 risk haplotype (OCTN1) and two peripheral tag SNPs (IGR2060 and IGR3096). Results: PCD occurred in 147 (46%) of CD patients. There was no significant difference in the age at disease diagnosis between non-PCD and PCD patients (33 vs. 29 years, respectively). PCD patients were more likely to have disease located in the colon and ileocolic regions (79 PCD vs. 57% non-PCD; n = 116 vs. n = 96; p < 0.001), whereas patients with non-PCD were more likely to have Crohn’s within the terminal ileum and upper gastrointestinal tract (43% non-PCD vs. 21% PCD; n = 73 vs. n = 31; p < 0.05). Thirty-four percent of patients with PCD required a permanent ileostomy (n = 50) compared to only 4% of non-PCD patients (n = 6; p < 0.05). Mutations in CARD15/NOD2 and IL-23r were risk factors for CD overall; however, in contrast to prior reports, in this patient population, OCTN1 and IGR variations within the IBD5 haplotype were not significant predictors of PCD. Conclusion: Colon/ileocolic CD location appears to be a significant predictor of perianal manifestations of CD. Patients with PCD are more likely to require permanent fecal diversion. We did not identify any genetic variations or combination of clinical findings and genetic variations within the CARD15/NOD2, IL-23r, and OCTN1 genes or IGR that were predictive of PCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Kanaan¹,

Ahmad²,

Bilchuk³

et al. 2012

Dig Surg

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“…Though the exact aetiology remains to be determined, there is strong evidence that a dysregulated immune response to commensal intestinal microbiota initiates the chronic and relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosa or the gut wall [15,16,17]. Family members of affected patients have an increased risk to develop IBD, indicating a genetic component in IBD pathogenesis [18,19,20,21]. Hence, numerous genome-wide association studies have identified variations in more than 160 genes involved in the intestinal immune homeostasis as risk factors for developing IBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilberry-Derived Anthocyanins Prevent IFN-γ-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Cytokine Secretion in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cells

et al. 2014

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Background/Aims: Anthocyanins are plant-derived dietary components that are highly abundant, for example, in bilberries. We have previously demonstrated that anthocyanins exert anti-inflammatory properties in mouse colitis models and ameliorate disease activity in ulcerative colitis patients. Here, we studied the molecular mechanisms through which anthocyanin-containing bilberry extract (BE) exerts anti-inflammatory effects in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Methods: THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with BE 20 min prior to TNF-a or IFN-γ (100 ng/ml each) stimulation. Signalling protein activation was studied by Western blotting, mRNA expression by quantitative PCR and cytokine secretion by ELISA. Results: IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 was significantly reduced by BE co-treatment. Consequently, levels of mRNA expression and/or cytokine secretion of MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-a, ICAM-1, and T-bet were lower with BE co-treatment. In contrast, BE enhanced TNF-a-mediated p65-NF-γB phosphorylation but reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. BE co-treatment further increased TNF-a-induced mRNA expression and secretion of NF-γB target genes, such as IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1, while mRNA levels of ICAM-1 were reduced. Conclusions: BE co-treatment reduced IFN-γ-induced signal protein activation, pro-inflammatory gene expression, and cytokine secretion, whereas it enhanced TNF-a-induced responses. These findings suggest a distinct role for anthocyanins in modulating inflammatory responses that need to be further studied to fully understand anthocyanin-mediated effects.

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“…The increasing number of patients with UC in the Middle East may offer some insight as to its etiological factors. Western lifestyle, various genetic factors, [18, 19, 20, 21], infective agents [22], environmental factors [23, 24]and ethnic factors all have been incriminated in the etiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulcerative Colitis in Kuwait: A Review of 90 Cases

et al. 2003

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Background: Chronic ulcerative colitis is a disease of unknown etiology. Its incidence is on the rise in various developing countries as has been reported in studies from South-East Asia and the Middle East. There seems to be significant differences in the pattern and the clinical course of this disease in our patient population. The aim of our study is to assess the incidence and the clinical course of the disease in Kuwait. Methods: This is a retrospective study of cases identified over a period of 14 years (1985–1999). Three hundred forty-six patients were identified to have chronic ulcerative colitis. Ninety patients were interviewed for this study. Results: Chronic ulcerative colitis is being identified with increasing frequency. Our local incidence was 2.8 per 100,000 persons per year. The disease was seen in both sexes with equal frequency. It peaks at the third decade of life, with no second peak observed in the sixth decade. The disease was of mild to moderate severity in 93% of the cases. The distribution of the disease in the colon showed pancolitis in 45%, left-sided colitis in 14%, proctosigmoiditis in 21% and proctitis in 20%. Arthritis and arthralgia were the most frequent extraintestinal manifestation seen in 31%. Perianal disease, although rare in ulcerative colitis, was seen in 8%. Of interest is the fact that over 14 years of follow-up, none of our patients developed high-grade dysplasia or colorectal cancer. Four patients required total colectomy mainly due to failure of medical therapy. Conclusions: Chronic ulcerative colitis is occurring with increasing frequency similar to that seen in Western countries. The disease observed in our patient population was of mild to moderate severity, with fewer complications than reported in Western countries. It peaks in the third decade with no second peak. None of our patients developed high-grade dysplasia or colorectal carcinoma.

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Concordance of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Danish Twins: Results of a Nationwide Study

Cited by 317 publications

References 14 publications

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Bilberry-Derived Anthocyanins Prevent IFN-γ-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Cytokine Secretion in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cells

Ulcerative Colitis in Kuwait: A Review of 90 Cases

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Concordance of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Danish Twins: Results of a Nationwide Study

Cited by 317 publications

References 14 publications

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Predictive Factors and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations

Bilberry-Derived Anthocyanins Prevent IFN-&#947;-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Cytokine Secretion in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cells

Ulcerative Colitis in Kuwait: A Review of 90 Cases

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Resources

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Bilberry-Derived Anthocyanins Prevent IFN-γ-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Cytokine Secretion in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cells