Concomitant i.v. and oral clodronate in the relief of bone pain – a double-blind placebo-controlled study in patients with prostate cancer

Kylmälä, Timo; Taube, T.; Tammela, T.L.J.; Risteli, Leila; Risteli, Juha; Elomaa, Inkeri

doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.488

Cited by 85 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Of these 31 studies, 6 reported on bone metastases from breast cancer, [71][72][73][74][75][76] 13 reported on bone metastases from prostate cancer [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] and 12 reported on bone metastases from OSTs. [90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] Of the remaining eight studies that did contribute data to the network meta-analyses, four reported breast cancer 31,[102][103][104] [18 reports 22,31,[102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][11...…”

Section: Number and Type Of Studies Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and economic evaluation, of denosumab for the treatment of bone metastases from solid tumours

Ford

Cummins²,

Sharma³

et al. 2013

Health Technol Assess

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Section: Number and Type Of Studies Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…158 (61) 159 (64) ECOG status, n (%) 1 or less 211 (83) 215 (87) 2 or more 42 (17) 32 (13) Missing 4 (>1)…”

Section: Fizazi 2011mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and economic evaluation, of denosumab for the treatment of bone metastases from solid tumours

Ford

Cummins²,

Sharma³

et al. 2013

Health Technol Assess

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“…The changes in BMD and reductions in spinal fracture rates were similar to those published in the fracture intervention trials using alendronate for postmenopausal osteoporosis. 60 Role of bisphosphonates in the prevention of bone loss in men with prostate carcinoma who are receiving ADT Etidronate, clodronate, pamidronate, and zoledronic acid have been studied recently in men with prostate carcinoma to assess their ability in inhibiting hypogonadal-induced bone loss, 4,[11][12][13]19,45,46 treating refractory metastatic bone pain, [61][62][63] and preventing the skeletal-related events associated with metastatic disease. 46 It is important to note that the dosage regimens of the various bisphosphonates differ significantly according to their desired antitumor or antiosteoporotic effects, with more frequent infusion rates required to reduce skeletal-related endpoints.…”

Section: Data From Randomized Controlled Trials In Men Without Prostamentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoporosis in men with prostate carcinoma receiving androgen‐deprivation therapy

Diamond

Higano

Smith

et al. 2004

Cancer

242

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BACKGROUNDAndrogen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) is prescribed with increasing frequency for men with prostate carcinoma. There is growing concern about the effects of such therapy on the skeleton. In the current review, the authors addressed the current research, diagnostic methods, and treatment recommendations for bone loss and osteoporosis in men with prostate carcinoma who received ADT.METHODSData were obtained from electronic literature searches (for the years 1986 through 2002) and from abstracts and meeting proceedings. All randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials, retrospective studies, and cross‐sectional studies of osteoporosis in men with prostate carcinoma who received ADT with or without other therapies were reviewed.RESULTSThe findings confirmed that ADT resulted in significant bone loss in men with prostate carcinoma. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip, as measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), is considered the preferred site of assessment in older men. Spinal BMD is equally important, although careful interpretation of spinal DXA values is required, because of coexisting facet joint disease and extravertebral calcification. Osteoporosis is diagnosed when BMD is > 2.5 standard deviations below a reference mean. Men with prostate carcinoma who were treated with ADT had average BMD measurements below those of eugonadal men. Rates of bone loss ranged from 2% to 8% in the lumbar spine and from 1.8% to 6.5% in the femoral neck during the initial 12 months of continuous ADT. Retrospective data indicated an increased risk of fracture in men with prostate carcinoma who were treated with ADT.CONCLUSIONSFor men with prostate carcinoma who are at high risk for osteoporosis and fractures, clinical management should be dictated by the results of radiographic and DXA skeletal assessment. Cancer 2004;100:892–9. © 2004 American Cancer Society.

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“…There were initially rather fewer studies in the prostate cancer setting, although some early work showed reductions in bone pain with clodronate, 43,44 although this was not later borne out in randomised studies with this drug. 45,46 Early small-scale studies with pamidronate provided encouraging signs of its potential benefit, 47,48 but it was several years before a well-designed randomised study was published on the use of later-generation bisphosphonates in prostate cancer.…”

Section: Current Treatment Options For Bone Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the use of bisphosphonates in the prostate cancer setting

Coxon

Oades

Colston

et al. 2004

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Prostate cancer incidence is rising, and represents a major public health issue. Bone is by far the most common site for metastases in this disease, accounting for considerable morbidity. Until recently, there have been few viable options for the treatment of patients with hormone-refractory metastatic disease. This review examines the pathophysiology underlying the development of bone metastases. It also summarises some of the clinical approaches for the management of this common condition, focusing on recent evidence supporting the use of zoledronic acid, a member of one of the most promising groups of pharmacological agents, the third-generation bisphosphonates. Aetiology and impact of prostate cancer-related bone metastasesProstate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in males in the UK, with nearly 25 000 cases being reported in 1999 (www. cancerresearchuk.org/statistics). Prostate cancer-related morbidity and mortality are closely associated with the formation of metastases. Bone is the preferred site for these metastases, and estimates indicate that bone metastases are present in more than 80% of men with advanced prostate cancer. 1,2 A UK study has shown that bone metastases are present in up to 50% of men at the time of first presentation. 3 Considerable morbidity arises from various complications from bone metastases, and it is estimated that the average frequency of a 'skeletal-related event' in patients with bone metastases is 3-4 months, with these events invariably leading to a reduced quality of life. 4 Common presentations include pain, spinal cord compression, pathological fracture, and abnormalities in serum calcium levels. 5 Patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer are particularly prone to incapacitating progressive bone disease. 6 The normal resculpturing of bone is governed by the coupled processes of bone resorption and formation. Modelling occurs in localised areas of cortical and trabecular bone known as bone metabolic units. Osteoclast-mediated resorption usually takes about 7-10 days, while the subsequent formation phase, governed by osteoblasts, lasts approximately 3 months (Figure 1). Local 'coupling' factors produced in the bone marrow regulate the remodelled bone. 7 The rich milieu of growth factors in the bone environment provides an attractive 'soil' for the seeding of certain tumour cells. In the presence of such cells, factors from tumour-induced breakdown of bone stimulate growth of further cancer cells, which in turn leads to further increases in bone resorption (Figure 2). This has been described as the vicious cycle. 7 As an example, tumour cells have been shown to release PTHrP, which stimulates osteoclastic resorption, via messaging from the osteoblast. 8 The resultant osteolysis releases several bone-derived growth factors, such as TGFb. Normally, TGFb serves to limit bone resorption via a negative feedback mechanism, but in the bone metastasis, TGFb stimulates invading tumour cells, partly accounting for this vicious cycle. 9 Prostate can...

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Concomitant i.v. and oral clodronate in the relief of bone pain – a double-blind placebo-controlled study in patients with prostate cancer

Cited by 85 publications

References 12 publications

Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and economic evaluation, of denosumab for the treatment of bone metastases from solid tumours

Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and economic evaluation, of denosumab for the treatment of bone metastases from solid tumours

Osteoporosis in men with prostate carcinoma receiving androgen‐deprivation therapy

Advances in the use of bisphosphonates in the prostate cancer setting

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