There
have been numerous significant advances in catalytic olefin
metathesis (OM) during the past two decades. Such progress has transformed
this important set of reactions to strategically pivotal processes
that generate stereochemical identity while delivering molecules that
cannot be easily prepared by alternative routes. In this Perspective,
an analysis of the origin of the inception of bidentate benzylidene
ligands for Ru-based OM catalysts is first presented. This is followed
by an overview of the intellectual basis that culminated in the development
of Mo-based diolates and stereogenic-at-Ru complexes for enantioselective
OM. The principles accrued from the study of the latter Ru carbenes
and Mo alkylidenes and utilized in the design of stereogenic-at-Mo,
-W, and -Ru species applicable to enantioselective and Z-selective OM are then discussed. The influence of the recently introduced
catalytic OM protocols on the design of synthesis routes leading to
complex organic molecules is probed. The impact of a better understanding
of the mechanistic nuances of OM toward the discovery of stereoselective
catalysts is reviewed as well.