Concise Review: The Plasticity of Stem Cell Niches: A General Property Behind Tissue Homeostasis and Repair

Rojas‐Ríos, Patricia; González-Reyes, Acaimo

doi:10.1002/stem.1621

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…40 The surrounding microenvironment (or the niche)-supporting cells, extracellular matrices, and autocrine and paracrine hormonal signals, can modulate the selfrenewal and differentiation of stem cells. 41 G-protein-coupled receptor activation plays important roles in the regulation of biological properties of stem cells. G-protein-coupled receptor expression levels were markedly altered during somatic reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells and self-renewal of induced pluripotent stem cells, 42 and distinct G-protein-coupled receptor genes are specifically expressed at each differentiation stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thromboxane Governs the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Shen

Zuo

Wang

et al. 2016

Circulation Research

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Rationale: Autologous adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) offer great promise as angiogenic cell therapy for ischemic diseases. Because of their limited self-renewal capacity and pluripotentiality, the therapeutic efficacy of ASCs is still relatively low. Thromboxane has been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. However, little is known about the effects of thromboxane on ASC-mediated angiogenesis. Objective: To explore the role of the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor (TP) in mediating the angiogenic capacity of ASCs in vivo. Methods and Results: ASCs were prepared from mouse epididymal fat pads and induced to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) by vascular endothelial growth factor. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression, thromboxane production, and TP expression were upregulated in ASCs on vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of TP in mouse or human ASCs accelerated EC differentiation and increased tube formation in vitro, enhanced angiogenesis in in vivo Matrigel plugs and ischemic mouse hindlimbs. TP deficiency resulted in a significant cellular accumulation of β-catenin by suppression of calpain-mediated degradation in ASCs. Knockdown of β-catenin completely abrogated the enhanced EC differentiation of TP-deficient ASCs, whereas inhibition of calpain reversed the suppressed angiogenic capacity of TP re-expressed ASCs. Moreover, TP was coupled with Gαq to induce calpain-mediated suppression of β-catenin signaling through calcium influx in ASCs. Conclusion: Thromboxane restrained EC differentiation of ASCs through TP-mediated repression of the calpain-dependent β-catenin signaling pathway. These results indicate that TP inhibition could be a promising strategy for therapy utilizing ASCs in the treatment of ischemic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thromboxane Governs the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Shen

Zuo

Wang

et al. 2016

Circulation Research

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“…The stem cell niche is tightly regulated in adult tissues though the combined action of local and systemic effectors [66]. Under normal physiological conditions, stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis by responding to perturbations through proliferation and differentiation.…”

Section: Stem Cell Behavior In Different Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

Pérez

Lucas

Gálvez

2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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The stem cell field has grown very rapidly during the last decade, offering the promise of innovative therapies to treat disease. Different stem cell populations have been isolated from various human adult tissues, mainly from bone marrow and adipose tissue, but many other body tissues harbor a stem cell population. Adult tissue stem cells are invariably found in discrete microenvironments termed niches, where they play key roles in tissue homeostasis by enabling lifelong optimization of organ form and function. Some diseases are known to strike at the stem cell population, through alterations in their specific microenvironments, making them non-viable. Furthermore, it has been shown that a transformed stem cell population could prompt the development of certain cancers. This review focuses on the potential negative aspects of a range of diseases on the activity of stem cells and how their potential use in cell therapies may be affected.

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“…SC are located in special niches, where they receive information from the surrounding matrix, which are essential in stem cell maintenance (Morrison and Scadden, 2014; Rojas-Ríos and González-Reyes, 2014; Tan and Barker, 2014; Vaidya and Kale, 2015; Katoh, 2017). This also accounts for adult SC, well-elaborated for hematopoietic SC (HSPC) in the osteogenic and the vascular niche (Vaidya and Kale, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD44/CD44v6 a Reliable Companion in Cancer-Initiating Cell Maintenance and Tumor Progression

Wang

Zhao

Hackert

et al. 2018

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer death, tumor progression proceeding through emigration from the primary tumor, gaining access to the circulation, leaving the circulation, settling in distant organs and growing in the foreign environment. The capacity of a tumor to metastasize relies on a small subpopulation of cells in the primary tumor, so called cancer-initiating cells (CIC). CIC are characterized by sets of markers, mostly membrane anchored adhesion molecules, CD44v6 being the most frequently recovered marker. Knockdown and knockout models accompanied by loss of tumor progression despite unaltered primary tumor growth unraveled that these markers are indispensable for CIC. The unexpected contribution of marker molecules to CIC-related activities prompted research on underlying molecular mechanisms. This review outlines the contribution of CD44, particularly CD44v6 to CIC activities. A first focus is given to the impact of CD44/CD44v6 to inherent CIC features, including the crosstalk with the niche, apoptosis-resistance, and epithelial mesenchymal transition. Following the steps of the metastatic cascade, we report on supporting activities of CD44/CD44v6 in migration and invasion. These CD44/CD44v6 activities rely on the association with membrane-integrated and cytosolic signaling molecules and proteases and transcriptional regulation. They are not restricted to, but most pronounced in CIC and are tightly regulated by feedback loops. Finally, we discuss on the engagement of CD44/CD44v6 in exosome biogenesis, loading and delivery. exosomes being the main acteurs in the long-distance crosstalk of CIC with the host. In brief, by supporting the communication with the niche and promoting apoptosis resistance CD44/CD44v6 plays an important role in CIC maintenance. The multifaceted interplay between CD44/CD44v6, signal transducing molecules and proteases facilitates the metastasizing tumor cell journey through the body. By its engagement in exosome biogenesis CD44/CD44v6 contributes to disseminated tumor cell settlement and growth in distant organs. Thus, CD44/CD44v6 likely is the most central CIC biomarker.

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Concise Review: The Plasticity of Stem Cell Niches: A General Property Behind Tissue Homeostasis and Repair

Cited by 54 publications

References 79 publications

Thromboxane Governs the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Thromboxane Governs the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

CD44/CD44v6 a Reliable Companion in Cancer-Initiating Cell Maintenance and Tumor Progression

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