Concise Review: Preclinical Studies on Human Cell-Based Therapy in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Models: Where Are We Now after a Decade?

Abstract

Stroke, a debilitating brain insult, afflicts millions of individuals globally each year. In the last decade, researchers have investigated cell-based therapy as an alternative strategy to improve neurological outcome following stroke. This concise review critically examines preclinical reports using human adult and fetal stem/progenitor cells in rodent models of ischemic stroke. As we enter the second decade of study, we should aim to optimize our collective likelihood to translational success for stroke victims worldwide. We advocate international consensus recommendations be developed for future preclinical research. STEM

Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy Reveals Dynamic Changes in the Magnetic Behavior of Very Small Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles During Cellular Uptake and Enables Determination of Cell-Labeling Efficacy

“…Results from stemand immune-cell-based trials suggest that application of cells for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes may help to treat patients with myocardial infarction, stroke, and various neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. [1][2][3][4][5] Efficient noninvasive techniques for in vivo tracking of cells are essential for successful further development of cell-based therapies. An established approach is in vitro cell-labeling with superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) and their subsequent in vivo tracking by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”

Editorial: 2013—A Year of Clinical Success and Great Scientific Innovation in the Stem Cell Field

“…Manuscripts covered many advances in understanding the fundamental mechanisms that control stem and progenitor cell fate, and advances in working toward treating all tissues, from the lower extremities to the brain. Exciting basic and translational research was reported in using stem cells to treat osteoporosis [11], spinal cord injuries [12,13], radiation-induced fibrosis [14], glaucoma [15], globoid cell leukodystrophy [16], stroke [17], and Huntington's disease [18], to name just a few. It has truly been an exciting year, as we watch the stem cell field explode.…”

TOOTH (The Open study Of dental pulp stem cell Therapy in Humans): Study protocol for evaluating safety and feasibility of autologous human adult dental pulp stem cell therapy in patients with chronic disability after stroke

“…In comparison in the chronic stroke phase, improvement in neurological function is likely to be driven by neural replacement, angiogenesis, and neuroplasticity. 9 Stem cells are now recognized to secrete a range of paracrine growth factors, which may modulate neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. 9,[12][13][14] There are primarily three human tissue sources for stem cell treatments: embryonic, reprogrammed somatic cells, or adult organs.…”

“…9 Stem cells are now recognized to secrete a range of paracrine growth factors, which may modulate neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. 9,[12][13][14] There are primarily three human tissue sources for stem cell treatments: embryonic, reprogrammed somatic cells, or adult organs. Pluripotent stem cells, namely embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, with their wide differentiation potential may also present a risk of tumor formation.…”