Concise review on residual chlorine measurement: Interferences and possible solutions

Li, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129119

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…that causes errors in analytical results. [ 13,121 ] The focus here will be ions that are commonly found in drinking water. When sensors are exposed to these ions, the sensors record a measurable electrical signal.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most ubiquitous interfering compound, however, is dissolved oxygen which is electroactive between +1 and −1 V for amperometric sensing. [ 13 ] The electrochemical reactions and measured currents result in decreased accuracy when measuring free chlorine. This measured interference can be mitigated by carefully selecting an applied potential by using CV to identify the range in which the free chlorine sensors do not react with dissolved oxygen but will reduce free chlorine.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[42] Several review papers have been published in the field of carbon-based materials for sensors, electrochemical sensors, water-quality sensors, and performance characteristics of free chlorine sensors. [9,13,24,41,43,44] In 2010, [43] a critical review was published on graphene-based materials and their use in various applications including water sensing, and bio-sensing, discussing the conduction and carrier transport mechanisms, but without targeting any single application. In 2015, [24] microfabricated electrochemical-free chlorine sensors were reviewed in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 10,11 ] Analytical methods to measure residual free chlorine for uses in academia, industries, and municipalities are widely available. [ 13 ] Due to its wide‐spread use, conventional measurement tools were standardized, but these methods are typically used only by qualified personnel with specific materials and devices, and this limits the extent of the applications they can reach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2019, [ 9 ] the chemical reduction of free chlorine and free chlorine sensors, and both reagent‐based sensors and electrochemical sensors were discussed, but the focus of the paper was in addressing the challenges of sensor fouling. In 2021, [ 13 ] different types of free chlorine sensing methods were reviewed, but there was a significant focus on addressing causes and solutions for interference and fouling in measuring free chlorine. As shown in Figure 1, we summarize the different electrochemical methods used for measuring free chlorine, then present the fabrication of the sensors and their designs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Carbon‐Based Electrochemical‐Free Chlorine Sensors

Siddiqui

Taheri

Nami

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Sodium hypochlorite is a widely used additive in water used to disinfect and remove any disease‐causing bacteria that can be found in sources of water, and is used to wash contaminants from meats, fruits, and vegetables. Many free chlorine sensors exist which monitor free chlorine levels such as the use of colorimetric or electrochemical methods, ensuring that the free chlorine is within safe and regulated levels. However colorimetric sensing methods are irreversible and often use toxic compounds, and electrochemical sensors, although reversible, are made with materials which are not suitable to be used near drinking water or food products. By developing sensors which are made using alternative materials and methods, the sensors can be used in and around drinking water and food products. This review article discusses various electrochemical‐free chlorine sensors made with various carbon‐based materials and methods resulting in sensors that are biodegradable, relatively inert, and resilient in the presence of harsh chemicals, making them safe to use near and around food and still maintain competitive performance parameters. This review article showcases some of the recent progress, the importance, preconditions, and the various future needs and potentials of carbon‐based electrochemical‐free chlorine sensors.

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Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%