Concise Review: Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells: The Known, the Unknown, and Potential Regenerative Medicine Applications

Loukogeorgakis, Stavros; Coppi, Paolo De

doi:10.1002/stem.2553

Cited by 112 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…Although BM has been the main source for the isolation of MSCs, recent studies have shown that MSCs could also be isolated from other tissues, including amniotic fluid, adipose tissue, endometrium, dental tissues, umbilical cord, placenta, and Wharton's jelly (Galderisi & Giordano, 2014;Pipino et al, 2014Pipino et al, , 2013. Human AF-MSCs possess indefinite self-renewal potential, have long telomeres, and retain a normal karyotype for over 250 population doublings (Loukogeorgakis & De Coppi, 2017). Moreover, they are easy to isolate and have a high proliferation rate, thus representing a highly promising cell source for stem cell-based therapies (Shaw, David, & De Coppi, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study

Alessio

Pipino

Mandatori

et al. 2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered to be an excellent source in regenerative medicine. They contain several cell subtypes, including multipotent stem cells. MSCs are of particular interest as they are currently being tested using cell and gene therapies for a number of human diseases. They represent a rare population in tissues; for this reason, they require, before being transplanted, an in vitro amplification. This process may induce replicative senescence, thus affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs from fetal tissues are significantly more plastic and grow faster than MSCs from bone marrow. Here, we compare amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells (AF-MSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in terms of cell proliferation, surface markers, multidifferentiation potential, senescence, and DNA repair capacity. Our study shows that AF-MSCs are less prone to senescence with respect to BM-MSCs. Moreover, both cell models activate the same repair system after DNA damage, but AF-MSCs are able to return to the basal condition more efficiently with respect to BM-MSCs. Indeed, AF-MSCs are better able to cope with genotoxic stress that may occur either during in vitro cultivation or following transplantation in patients. Our findings suggest that AF-MSCs may represent a valid alternative to BM-MSCs in regenerative medicine, and, of great relevance, the investigation of the mechanisms involved in DNA repair capacity of both AF-MSCs and BM-MSCs may pave the way to their rational use in the medical field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study

Alessio

Pipino

Mandatori

et al. 2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…Notably broadly multipotent MSCs with remarkable proliferative capacity along with pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective modulatory potential have been described as isolated from human amniotic fluid, namely c-KIT+ human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFSCs) [207][208][209][210][211][212][213]. hAFSCs can be easily isolated from leftover samples of amniotic fluid obtained from prenatal screening amniocentesis (i.e., foetal hAFSCs) or from clinical waste during eligible caesarean delivery without any ethical concern (i.e., perinatal hAFSCs).…”

Section: Contribution Of Exogenous Stem/progenitor Cell-evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation

Balbi

Costa

Barile

2020

Cells

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Ischaemic cardiac disease is associated with a loss of cardiomyocytes and an intrinsic lack of myocardial renewal. Recent work has shown that the heart retains limited cardiomyocyte proliferation, which remains inefficient when facing pathological conditions. While broadly active in the neonatal mammalian heart, this mechanism becomes quiescent soon after birth, suggesting loss of regenerative potential with maturation into adulthood. A key question is whether this temporary regenerative window can be enhanced via appropriate stimulation and further extended. Recently the search for novel therapeutic approaches for heart disease has centred on stem cell biology. The "paracrine effect" has been proposed as a promising strategy to boost endogenous reparative and regenerative mechanisms from within the cardiac tissue by exploiting the modulatory potential of soluble stem cell-secreted factors. As such, growing interest has been specifically addressed towards stem/progenitor cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be easily isolated in vitro from cell-conditioned medium. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current paradigm on cardiac repair and regeneration, with a specific focus on the role and mechanism(s) of paracrine action of EVs from cardiac stromal progenitors as compared to exogenous stem cells in order to discuss the optimal choice for future therapy. In addition, the challenges to overcoming translational EV biology from bench to bedside for future cardiac regenerative medicine will be discussed.

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“…AF‐derived MSC (AF‐MSC) can be isolated from mid‐ to late‐gestational AF samples with low risk for the woman and fetus . AF cells is an attractive source for autologous cell therapy with low ethical considerations coupled to the collection, and many preclinical cell therapy studies have presented promising results for, for example, cardiovascular, neuronal, and respiratory injury or damage . The drawback with AF is the heterogeneity of the cell content and the high donor variation …”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal stem cell therapy for inherited diseases: Past, present, and future treatment strategies

Ekblad‐Nordberg

Walther‐Jallow

Westgren

2019

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

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Imagine the profits in quality of life that can be made by treating inherited diseases early in life, maybe even before birth! Immense cost savings can also be made by treating diseases promptly. Hence, prenatal stem cell therapy holds great promise for developing new and early-stage treatment strategies for several diseases. Successful prenatal stem cell therapy would represent a major step forward in the management of patients with hematological, metabolic, or immunological disorders. However, treatment before birth has several limitations, including ethical issues. In this review, we summarize the past, the present, and the future of prenatal stem cell therapy, which includes an overview of different stem cell types, preclinical studies, and clinical attempts treating various diseases. We also discuss the current challenges and future strategies for prenatal stem cell therapy and also new approaches, which may lead to advancement in the management of patients with severe incurable diseases. K E Y W O R D Scell therapy, inherited diseases, prenatal, stem cell, treatment strategies

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Concise Review: Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells: The Known, the Unknown, and Potential Regenerative Medicine Applications

Cited by 112 publications

References 94 publications

Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study

Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study

Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation

Prenatal stem cell therapy for inherited diseases: Past, present, and future treatment strategies

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