Concerning the Solvent Effect in the Aldol Condensation

Huang, Yanhe

doi:10.1007/s007060050333

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…It has to be added that the choice of solvent in this in silico manuscript was only reflected in a variation of activity coefficients. If the choice of another solvent results in a real change in reaction mechanism [24], then of course the correction for the solvent type will not do the trick since fundamental chemical reactions or transition states are altered by this choice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iglesias et al reported differences in product distribution when different ionic liquids were applied in the aldol condensation of benzaldehyde and propanone [23]. Huang observed that the choice of solvent can also affect the specific product type of the aldol condensation, i.e., ethanol has beneficial effects on the aldol condensation, e.g., compared with tetrohydrofuran as solvent [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity Coefficients for Liquid Organic Reactions: Towards a Better Understanding of True Kinetics with the Synthesis of Jasmin Aldehyde as Showcase

Heynderickx

2019

IJMS

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The aldol condensation of benzaldehyde and heptanal is taken as an example of reversible liquid phase organic reactions to show that inclusion of activity coefficients reveal distinct differences in conversion and product distribution when different solvents methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, or n-butanol are used. The purpose of this work is to show a pronounced solvent effect for a given set of identical kinetic parameters, i.e., the same liquid phase kinetics can result in different conversion and yield values, depending on the choice of solvent. It was shown that subsequent parameter estimation without inclusion of the activity coefficients resulted in a pronounced deviation from the ‘true’ kinetics, up to a factor of 30. It is proposed that the usage of average activity coefficients gives already a significant improvement, resulting in acceptable parameter estimates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity Coefficients for Liquid Organic Reactions: Towards a Better Understanding of True Kinetics with the Synthesis of Jasmin Aldehyde as Showcase

Heynderickx

2019

IJMS

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“…Moreover, no evidences of the aldol/addition condensation reaction of humins were found by NMR spectroscopy when their evolution was studied in a solution of DMSO- d 6 . The use of DMSO- d 6 can affect this reaction because a gradually decrease of the aldehyde band (1673 cm −1 ) combined with the increase of the broad signal at 1603 cm− 1 (related to the C=C bond formed in the aldol addition) were detected by FT-IR when the polymerizations were carried in bulk (Figures S2–S4) [49,50]. To confirm this hypothesis, the final products obtained in solution were also analysed by FT-IR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Resins Using Epoxies and Humins as Building Blocks: A Mechanistic Study Based on In-Situ FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopies

2019

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The combination of eco-respectful epoxy compounds with the humins, a by-product of biomass chemical conversion technologies, allow the obtention of materials with high added value. In this work, we propose a chemical connection study of humins with two aliphatic bis-epoxides through copolymerization reactions to synthesize sustainable, bio-based thermosets. The mechanism insights for the crosslinking between the epoxides and humins was proposed considering the different functionalities of the humins structure. Fourier Transform InfraRed (FT-IR), one dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques were used to build the proposed mechanism. By these techniques, the principal chain connections and the reactivity of all the components were highlighted in the synthesized networks.

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“…Moreover, no evidences of the aldol/addition condensation reaction of humins were found for the 3 systems studied (HG40B5, HP40B5 and HP20G20B5) when their evolution was studied in a solution of DMSO-d6. The use of DMSO-d6 can influence this reaction because a gradually decrease of the aldehyde band (1673 cm -1 ) combined with the increase of the broad signal at 1603 cm -1 (related to the C=C bond formed in the aldol addition) clearly distinguishable by FT-IR for the system HG40B5 [49,50].…”

Section: Humins Epoxy Thermosetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Resins Using Epoxies and Humins as Building Blocks: A Mechanistic Study Based on in-situ FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopies

Montané

Dinu

Mija

2019

Preprint

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The combination of eco-respectful epoxy compounds with the humins, a by-product of biomass chemical conversion technologies, allow the obtention of materials with high added value. In this work, we propose the chemical connection study of humins with two aliphatic diepoxides through the copolymerization reactions to synthesize sustainable bio-based thermosets. The mechanism insights for the crosslinking between the epoxides and humins was proposed considering the different functionalities of the humins structure. FT-IR spectroscopy, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopy techniques were used to build the proposed mechanism. By these techniques, the principal chain connections and the reactivity of all the components were highlighted in the synthesized networks.

show abstract

Concerning the Solvent Effect in the Aldol Condensation

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Activity Coefficients for Liquid Organic Reactions: Towards a Better Understanding of True Kinetics with the Synthesis of Jasmin Aldehyde as Showcase

Activity Coefficients for Liquid Organic Reactions: Towards a Better Understanding of True Kinetics with the Synthesis of Jasmin Aldehyde as Showcase

Synthesis of Resins Using Epoxies and Humins as Building Blocks: A Mechanistic Study Based on In-Situ FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopies

Synthesis of Resins Using Epoxies and Humins as Building Blocks: A Mechanistic Study Based on in-situ FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopies

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