Concerning the Shock Sensitivities of Certain Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Attractive Cyclic Nitramines .

Abstract

Plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) based on ε-2, 4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10,1,3,3,3,5,3,5,3,4,imidazole (BCHMX) were prepared using a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as a binder (HTPB) and cured with hexamethylene di-isocyanate (HMDI). Recently published data for analogous PBXs with a polyisobutylene binder (i.e. a C4 matrix) are also included. All of these PBXs were tested using the Small Scale Water Gap Test according to STANAG 4490, the results of which are directly proportional to the impact and friction sensitivities of the PBXs studied. Reciprocal ratios between the shock sensitivity of these PBXs and their performance were found using the volume heat of explosion as a variable; a semi-logarithmic analogue, using a representative of the detonation pressure (product ρD 2 ) as a variable, has shown an opposite trend for three of these PBXs. A semi-logarithmic relationship between the shock sensitivity of the PBXs and the impact sensitivity of their pure nitramine fillers has confirmed the higher shock reactivity of the C4 PBXs filled with both technical ε-HNIW and RS-ε-HNIW, while for the HTPB PBXs filled with technical grade ε-HNIW, the shock sensitivity found was as expected. The shape and size of the particles should not be a reason for the increased resistance to shock of HMX-C4.

New Correlation between Electric Spark and Impact Sensitivities of Nitramine Energetic Compounds for Assessment of Their Safety

“…The determined values of both electric spark and impact sensitivities depend on shape and size of crystals that might connect with dislocations in theses crystals. [8a], [8c], The new method can be valuable for reliable calculation of electric spark sensitivity of those nitramines where they have a wide range of reported impact sensitivities.…”

Correlation between Shock Sensitivity of Nitramine Energetic Compounds based on Small‐scale Gap Test and Their Electric Spark Sensitivity

“…It was found that there is a linear relationship between the measurements of RDAD with the other methods for determination of the electric spark sensitivity . Details of this instrument were illustrated elsewhere , . Zeman et al, , have used two different instrument RDAD and ESZ KTTV for studying electric spark sensitivity.…”

“…Electric spark or electrostatic sensitivity of an energetic compound shows the degree of sensitivity to the electrostatic discharge. [2b] Since the reported electric spark sensitivity depends on the configuration of the electrodes and structure of circuit, different data may be achieved by various test specification of electrode energy . The experimental data with an instrument marked as RDAD were used for introducing suitable predictive methods because there are a large set of data for nitramines .…”

The effect of glycidyl azide polymer on the stability and explosive properties of different interesting nitramines

“…In addition, a thermoanalytical study of these PBXs was conducted by Yan et al [17][18][19] The penetration performance of the advanced nitramines has been studied, [20][21][22] while different relationships have been presented and discussed by Zeman et al [23][24][25][26] based on the reactivity and sensitivity of the studied PBXs. BCHMX as part of a low sensitivity composition was studied by Hussein et al [27][28][29] From the previously mentioned research, it was concluded that the polymeric matrices have a signicant inuence on the different explosive properties of the studied PBXs.…”