Concern Regarding the HIV/AIDS epidemic and Individual Childbearing

Noël-Miller, Claire

doi:10.4054/demres.2003.s1.10

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The effect on relatively older women (36 to 41 years old), is smaller and not significant, perhaps due to sample size since fertility in that age range is in general very low. The lack of significant results among the younger mothers might be related to the “hastening” fertility behavior of Malawian young women discussed by Noël-Miller (2003), Durevall and Lindskog (2008) and Ueyama and Yamauchi (2009). All these studies conjecture that young women are responding in part to the epidemic by accelerating their marriages and fertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: the case of rural Malawi

2013

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The empirical literature on the impact of HIV on the quality (Q) and quantity (N) of children provides limited and somewhat mixed evidence. This study introduces individual HIV risk perceptions, as a predictor of mortality, into a Q-N investment model. In this model, higher maternal mortality predicts lower N while higher child mortality predicts lower Q. Thus the two effects together make likely negative associations between HIV and both Q and N. Based on longitudinal micro data on mothers and their children in rural Malawi, our results suggest that higher mothers' reported HIV risk reduces both child quality, as reflected in children's schooling and health, and child quantity, when the perceived risk is already moderate or high. The effects are sizable, and, in the case of Q (schooling and health) are found for children and teenagers, both boys and girls, while in the case of N they are found for young and mature women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“… 7 Durevall and Lindskog (2008), Noël-Miller (2003), and Ueyama and Yamauchi (2009) find that Malawian HIV rates (or self reported risk) are negatively associated with fertility rates, with the exception of young women with no children, for whom the probability of a first birth increases. …”

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confidence: 99%

Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: the case of rural Malawi

2013

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“…38 In a Zimbabwe study (Gregson et al, 1997), very few women said they intended to increase the number of children or accelerate their childbearing in response to the AIDS epidemic, while almost half indicated they would like to have fewer children and the same share indicated they would like to wait longer before their next birth. Consistent with these findings, Noël-Miller (2003) using rural Malawi panel data, finds that women expressing significant worry about HIV risk were less likely than other women to have a birth in the 3-year interval between surveys.…”

Section: Ii42 Responses Of Fertility To Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Reproductive Health and Behavior, HIV/AIDS, and Poverty in Africa

Glick

2007

SSRN Journal

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This paper examines the complex linkages of poverty, reproductive/sexual health and behavior, and HIV/AIDS in Africa. It addresses the following questions:(1) what have we learned to date about these links and what are the gaps in knowledge to be addressed by further research; (2) what is known about the effectiveness for HIV prevention of reproductive health and HIV/AIDS interventions and policies in Africa; and (3) what are the appropriate methodological approaches to research on these questions. With regard to what has been learned so far, the paper pays considerable attention in particular to the evidence regarding the impacts of a range of HIV interventions on risk behaviors and HIV incidence. Other sections review the extensive microeconomic literature on the impacts of AIDS on households and children in Africa and the effects of the epidemic on sexual risk behavior and fertility decisions. With regard to methodology, the paper assesses the approaches used in the literature to deal with, among other things, the problem of self-selection and nonrandomness in the placement of HIV and reproductive health programs. Data requirements for different research questions are discussed, and an effort is made to assess what researchers can learn from existing sources such as Demographic and Health Surveys.3

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“…The desire to have children among HIV-positive women altogether was 45%. On the other hand, Noel-Miller (2003) using panel data from Malawi shows that women who have higher subjective HIV risk perceptions for themselves were less likely to have children. 8 There might also be differences across countries as far as the links between AIDS and mortality and HIV and AIDS are concerned.…”

Section: Possible Fertility Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Countries with survey years Benin (1996), Burkina Faso (1992, 2003, Burundi (1987), Cameroon (1991, Central Republic of Africa (1994/1995), Chad (1996/1997), Cote D'Ivoire (1994), Ethiopia (2000, Gabon (2000), Ghana (1988Ghana ( , 1993Ghana ( , 1998Ghana ( , 2003, Guinea (1999), Kenya (1989Kenya ( , 1993Kenya ( , 1998Kenya ( , 2003, Liberia (1986), Malawi (1992, Mali (1987Mali ( , 1995Mali ( /1996Mali ( , 2001, Mozambique (1997), Namibia (1992, Niger (1992Niger ( , 1998, Nigeria (1990Nigeria ( , 1999Nigeria ( , 2003, Rwanda (1992Rwanda ( , 2000, Senegal (1986, 1992, 1997), South Africa (1998), Tanzania (1992), Togo (1988), Uganda (1988, 1995), Zambia (1992/2002), and Zimbabwe (1988, 1994.…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS, “reversal” of the demographic transition and economic development: evidence from Africa

Kalemli‐Özcan

2011

J Popul Econ

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Using country-and region-level data, I investigate the effect of HIV/AIDS on fertility in Africa during 1985-2000. Results differ depending on the variation used and the estimation method. Between estimates that exploit cross-sectional variation suggest a positive significant effect of HIV/AIDS on fertility, whereas within estimates that are identified of off time-series variation show both positive and negative results depending on the HIV/AIDS variable used. These within estimates are insignificant in most of the specifications.

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Concern Regarding the HIV/AIDS epidemic and Individual Childbearing

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: the case of rural Malawi

Perception of HIV risk and the quantity and quality of children: the case of rural Malawi

Reproductive Health and Behavior, HIV/AIDS, and Poverty in Africa

AIDS, “reversal” of the demographic transition and economic development: evidence from Africa

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