Conceptualizing Actions and Outcomes of Grief Care for Family Caregivers: Survey of Visiting Nurses in Japan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify inductively-derived concepts comprising grief care provided by visiting nurses nurses perspectives of family caregivers outcomes and nurses outcomes. Data was generated from a mail survey using an original researcher developed self-administered questionnaire to visiting nurses employed at the visiting nurse stations throughout Japan, which were established by the Long-term Care Insurance Law.

Relationships among actions, antecedents, and outcomes of grief care for bereaved caregivers: Surveying visiting nurses throughout Japan

“…The conceptual framework of grief care conducted by nurses for family caregivers, which was prepared based on published work reviews and preliminary studies, was classified into antecedents, grief care by nurses, and outcomes of grief care (Ono, 2011b). Based on this conceptual framework, the following three scales were developed by the present author: (i) grief care provided by nurses; (ii) family caregivers' outcomes; and (iii) nurses' outcomes ( Fig.…”

“…Grief care from beginning of home care to the terminal period had 16 items and three subscales (Ono, 2011b): (i) promotion of acceptance of death and explanation of the death attendance system; (ii) support of continuation of the family's care with respect to their intent; and (iii) sympathy for the family's feelings. Cronbach's alpha of the entire scale was 0.93 and the range of Cronbach's alpha of the subscales was 0.87-0.91.…”

“…The second scale, GCDB, contained one factor of five items (Ono, 2011b). Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.66.…”

“…For this reason, it is important to implement grief care that prevents families' pathological grief (Egan & Arnold, 2003;Kurabayashi, 2005;Raphael, Minkov, & Dobson, 2004, Street, Love, & Blackford, 2004, and assists with the normal grief process (Parkes, Relf, & Couldrick, 1997). Grief care provided by visiting nurses has the role of providing highly sympathetic psychological care and appropriate social support, by sharing the bereavement experience with the family through continued involvement, from care before the patient's death to care at deathbed and care after bereavement (Ono, 2011b).…”

“…Data was generated from a mail survey using an original, researcher-developed, selfadministered questionnaire to visiting nurses employed at home-visit nursing care stations throughout Japan (Ono, 2011a(Ono, , 2011b. As an analysis of the first stage, Ono (2011b) clarified inductively-derived concepts comprising grief care and care outcomes. The aim of the second stage of research was to identify and analyze relationships of grief care by visiting nurses, antecedent factors, and grief care outcomes.…”