Conceptualising a Right to Oblivion in the Digital World: A Human Rights-Based Approach

Xanthoulis, Napoleon

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2064503

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Acesso em 31 ago. 2016. Por sua vez, Gustavo Binenbojm, Professor Adjunto da Faculdade de Direito da UERJ, em artigo intitulado Direito ao Estabelecidas as distinções entre as espécies de memória, serão identificados e debatidos os principais argumentos postos em contrariedade ao reconhecimento do direito ao esquecimento, tais como aquele de que a sua consagração seria, por via reflexa, violação do direito à memória e uma reprovável possibilidade de reescrita da história, com indesejáveis consequências.…”

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“…No acórdão que julgou o processo C-131/12, observa-se que o Tribunal de 2016. A sentença em questão pôs fim ao já comentado "Caso Mario Costeja", determinando que devam ser adotadas as medidas necessárias para retirar ou eliminar da lista de resultados obtida após uma busca efetuada a partir do nome de Mario Costeja González, os vínculos às páginas web objeto de reclamação.…”

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“…Acesso em: 03 set. 2016 117 Em seu voto, o Ministro Marco Aurélio Bellizze faz referência à já examinada decisão do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia: "No cenário global, também é esse o entendimento que vem despontando como solução razoável em torno dos mecanismos de busca disponíveis na internet: os resultados de busca devem ser passíveis de correções e adequações, de forma a se preservar o direito individual daqueles atingidos pela disponibilização da informação. Nesse sentido, houve decisão do Tribunal de Justiça europeu, em maio de 2014, reconhecendo que a obrigação da Google de apagar dos resultados de pesquisa-enquanto materialização do direito ao esquecimento-os dados de um cidadão espanhol que, embora verdadeiros, foram considerados irrelevantes para o livre acesso público à informação (C-132), bem como a consequente responsabilização civil em caso de descumprimento da decisão judicial (...) Com efeito, desde o referido precedente da Corte europeia, tem-se admitido em solo europeu a obrigação de pronta correção ou exclusão de dados pessoais, sempre que, sob o crivo da Justiça, se verificar a incorreção, irrelevância, desnecessidade ou excesso na informação existente em meio virtual, inclusive quanto aos dados mantidos no banco do Google Search, tal qual aqui preconizado (... Distrito Federal e dos Territórios deu provimento ao recurso para reformar decisão que determinara que o Agravante procedesse ao bloqueio do acesso aos conteúdos das mídias indicadas na inicial por meio do buscador Google e outros a si vinculados, obstando a disponibilização de áudios e vídeos oriundos das buscas dos verbetes "maus tratos escola em águas claras e colégio ipê" e suas combinações entre si, no prazo de 5 (cinco) dias sob pena de multa diária de R$ 1.000,00 (um mil reais).…”

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“…Acesso em: 28 jun. 2016 Em determinadas hipóteses fáticas, ainda que o tratamento venha a se mostrar necessário para a liberdade de expressão e de informação, tal liberdade poderá ser legitimamente comprometida com a finalidade de se proteger, da melhor forma possível, outro valor fundamental que é a dignidade humana. 179 Transposto o conflito inerente à aplicação da aludida norma para a realidade brasileira, nos valemos do ensinamento de Márcio Luís de Oliveira: "Ao estabelecer critérios jurídicos para a solução de eventuais conflitos entre direitos e/ou garantias fundamentais, o Direito Brasileiro consagra, de forma implícita, o princípio da ponderação de interesses.…”

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“…O formulário elaborado pelo Bing pode ser acessado em <https://www.bing.com/webmaster/tools/euprivacy-request>. Acesso em: 25 maio 2016…”

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O Direito Ao Esquecimento E a Incipiente Experiência Brasileira: Incompreensões Sobre O Tema, Limites Para Sua Aplicação E a Desafiadora Efetivação No Ambiente Virtual

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“…O formulário elaborado pelo Bing pode ser acessado em <https://www.bing.com/webmaster/tools/euprivacy-request>. Acesso em: 25 maio 2016…”

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O Direito Ao Esquecimento E a Incipiente Experiência Brasileira: Incompreensões Sobre O Tema, Limites Para Sua Aplicação E a Desafiadora Efetivação No Ambiente Virtual

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Retention in “the right to be forgotten” scenario: a records management examination

Xie

2016

RMJ

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Purpose This paper, through examining the judgment on Case C-131/12 and the European Union (EU)’s Proposal for a General Data Protection Regulation, aims to demonstrate to the records management (RM) profession, the importance of being proactively involved in records creation identification and the challenges of performing sound retention analyses for newly emerging activities. It also serves as a call to the RM profession that more active participation in law-making processes is needed. Design/methodology/approach The research selects the current right to be forgotten phenomenon as an illuminating case and examines it with fundamental RM concepts and principles, in particular those relating to records creation and retention. The research process consists of three major parts: one, the establishment of an analytical framework based on RM theories; two, description of the selected case that is relevant to the analysis; and three, the application of the analytical framework to the described case. Findings Records retentions are much needed for the activities of data controllers that are now established by the most recent Judgment of the European Court of Justice pertinent to the right to be forgotten and the proposed General Data Protection Regulation. The determination of retention periods for such activities requires an RM framework that synthesizes the identification of digital records and the various types of value associated with the different usages of records. It is also observed that the data protection legal framework does not address RM considerations, or at least, not in any explicit, easily recognizable manners. Research limitations/implications Records retentions are much needed for the activities of data controllers and/or processors that are now required by the Judgment of the European Court of Justice and the proposed EU General Data Protection Regulation, yet the legal framework does not offer any assistance in establishing retentions. It is also observed that the data protection legal framework fully acknowledges the importance of records but fails to address RM considerations – at least, not in any explicit, easily recognizable manners. Practical implications The findings are expected to be instructive to data controllers and/or processors, in particular with respect to records creation identification and records retention establishment in their organizations. It is also expected that the observations generated during the analysis process could shed light on the development of the RM profession. Social implications The right to be forgotten in the digital world has newly acquired complications, and it has the potential to affect not just the privacy right but also the rights considered conflicting to it, such as the rights of freedom of press and freedom of expression/speech. Efficient and effective RM programs should be able to assist their parent organizations in dealing with this complicated situation through creating and managing records that support the compliance of regulatory requirements on the one hand and the balancing of competing rights on the other hand. Originality/value The research appears to be the first of its kind according to the literature search conducted within the accessibility scope of the researcher.

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The answer is (not only) technological: Considering student data privacy in learning analytics

Prinsloo

Slade

Khalil

2022

Brit J Educational Tech

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Evidence shows that appropriate use of technology in education has the potential to increase the effectiveness of, eg, teaching, learning and student support. There is also evidence that technology can introduce new problems and ethical issues, eg, student privacy. This article maps some limitations of technological approaches that ensure student data privacy in learning analytics from a critical data studies (CDS) perspective. In this conceptual article, we map the claims, grounds and warrants of technological solutions to maintaining student data privacy in learning analytics. Our findings suggest that many technological solutions are based on assumptions, such as that individuals have control over their data (‘data as commodity’), which can be exchanged under agreed conditions, or that individuals embrace their personal data privacy as a human right to be respected and protected. Regulating student data privacy in the context of learning analytics through technology mostly depends on institutional data governance, consent, data security and accountability. We consider alternative approaches to viewing (student) data privacy, such as contextual integrity; data privacy as ontological; group privacy; and indigenous understandings of privacy. Such perspectives destabilise many assumptions informing technological solutions, including privacy enhancing technology (PET). What is already known about this topic Various actors (including those in higher education) have access to and collect, use and analyse greater volumes of personal (student) data, with finer granularity, increasingly from multiplatforms and data sources. There is growing awareness and concern about individual (student) privacy. Privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) offer a range of solutions to individuals to protect their data privacy. What this paper adds A review of the assumption that technology provides adequate or complete solutions for ensuring individual data privacy. A mapping of five alternative understandings of personal data privacy and its implications for technological solutions. Consideration of implications for the protection of student privacy in learning analytics. Implications for practice and/or policy Student data privacy is not only a technological problem to be solved but should also be understood as a social problem. The use of PETs offers some solutions for data privacy in learning analytics. Strategies to protect student data privacy should include student agency, literacy and a whole‐system approach.

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Conceptualising a Right to Oblivion in the Digital World: A Human Rights-Based Approach

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

O Direito Ao Esquecimento E a Incipiente Experiência Brasileira: Incompreensões Sobre O Tema, Limites Para Sua Aplicação E a Desafiadora Efetivação No Ambiente Virtual

O Direito Ao Esquecimento E a Incipiente Experiência Brasileira: Incompreensões Sobre O Tema, Limites Para Sua Aplicação E a Desafiadora Efetivação No Ambiente Virtual

Retention in “the right to be forgotten” scenario: a records management examination

The answer is (not only) technological: Considering student data privacy in learning analytics

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