Conceptual study of energy resolved x-ray measurement and electron temperature reconstruction on ITER with low voltage ionization chambers

Abstract

In tokamaks with tungsten-based plasma facing components, such as ITER, pollution of the plasma by heavy impurities is a major concern as it can lead to radiative breakdown. The radiation emitted by such impurities is mainly composed of x-rays in the [0.1; 100] keV range. A diagnostic allowing for the reconstruction of the impurity distribution is of high interest. The ITER requirements for the x-ray measurement system make it mandatory for the detector to provide spectral information. Due to the radiation environment during the ITER nuclear phase, advanced detectors exhibiting high resilience to neutrons and gamma rays, such as gas-filled detectors, are required. The use of Low Voltage Ionization Chambers (LVICs) for this purpose is investigated in this paper. Several anodes have been added to the detector in order to allow for spectral deconvolution. This article presents a conceptual study of the use of a multi-anode LVIC for energy resolved x-ray measurement on ITER. It covers the design of the multi-anode LVIC and its modeling, the method for spectral deconvolution, and its application to energy resolved x-ray tomography, as well as the computation of the electron temperature from the reconstructed local x-ray emissivity.

Visualized X-ray Dosimetry for Multienvironment Applications

“…The detection of X-ray doses has become a crucial research area, − given the wide range of applications for X-rays in industries such as nuclear industry, , medical diagnosis, , industrial material inspection, , and security checks. , Traditional X-ray dose detection methods rely on devices like thermoluminescent dosimeters, − ionization chambers, , and semiconductor detectors, − which require complex readout instruments to convert X-ray energy into electrical signals. − This approach has led to expensive, time-consuming, and unsuitable on-site real-time dose assessment. , In contrast, photochromic materials capable of direct “visualization” under X-ray irradiation offer a direct and visual means of dose assessment, facilitating real-time evaluation of radiation exposure. Consequently, these intelligent visual materials hold considerable promise in the development of easy and portable systems for the elucidation of X-ray presence in visual inspection setups. − …”