Conceptual fuzzy-based decision support tool for soil improvement under highway embankment - a case study of HaNoi–HaiPhong expressway

Developing a fuzzy-based decision-making procedure for traffic control in expressway congestion management

“…High/Very_high the ramp flow is set to Low/Very_low levels to prevent mainline congestion (rules 3,6,9,10,18,20,23,24). In addition, the ramp flow is adjusted according to the ramp queue status so as to maintain acceptable ramp queue (rule 4), to prevent excessive ramp queue (rules 5,11,21,22), or to maintain a balance between objectives (rules 8, 13,14,19). Finally, if the traffic on the mainline is congested, the restriction of the ramp flow is to target preventing a secondary ramp queue at the ramp bottleneck (rules 12,15,16,17).…”

“…For these reasons, it is critical to deploy a decision support system (DSS) that includes an intelligent computerized module for manipulating various types of data and information to avoid operator's cognitive overload and to support decisionmaking. In a DSS architecture, the computer provides data processing power to establish recommended solutions in a structured and consistent manner, while the human provides subjective judgements on qualitative information to make decisions [22,23].…”