Conceptual Framework and Research Methods for Migration and HIV Transmission Dynamics

Cassels, Susan; Jenness, Samuel M.; Khanna, Aditya

doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0665-z

Cited by 43 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Mobile individuals might be at higher risk of contracting HIV/STIs compared to non-mobile individuals because either they are selected on risky behavior tendencies, or the act of migration enables risk behavior by creating opportunities for it (Cassels et al, 2014b). Migrants often have higher rates of HIV (Nunn et al, 1995) or more risky sexual behavior (Anarfi, 1993; Brockerhoff and Biddlecom, 1999; Cassels et al, 2013; Coffee et al, 2005; Magis-Rodriguez et al, 2004; Sanchez et al, 2012; Zuma et al, 2005) compared to non-migrants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographic mobility and potential bridging for sexually transmitted infections in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Cassels

Jenness

Biney

et al. 2017

Social Science & Medicine

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Short-term mobility can significantly influence the spread of infectious disease. In order for mobile individuals to geographically spread sexually transmitted infections (STIs), individuals must engage in sexual acts with different partners in two places within a short time. In this study, we considered the potential of mobile individuals as bridge populations – individuals who link otherwise disconnected sexual networks and contributed to ongoing STI transmission. Using monthly retrospective panel data, we examined associations between short-term mobility and sexual partner concurrency in Agbogbloshie, Ghana. We also examined bridging by the location of sex acts and the location of sexual partners in concurrent triads, and whether mobile individuals from our sample were more likely to be members of geographic bridging triads. Although reported rates of sexual partnership concurrency were much higher for men compared to women, mobility was only associated with increased concurrency for women. Additionally, this association held for middle-distance mobility and short-duration trips for women. Taking into account the location of sex acts and the location of sexual partners, about 22% of men (21.7% and 22.4% for mobile and non-mobile men, respectively) and only 3% of women (1.4% and 3.3% for mobile and non-mobile women, respectively) were potential bridges for STIs over the last year. Our results highlight the gendered nature of mobility and sexual risk behavior, reflecting the normative social context that encourages women to conceal certain types of sexual behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bridging pathway asserts that mobile individuals link otherwise distinct subpopulations (Aral, 2000; Cassels et al, 2014b). The bridging hypothesis for STIs claims that mobile individuals will also engage in high-risk sexual behavior that can promote the spread of STIs between populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic mobility and potential bridging for sexually transmitted infections in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Cassels

Jenness

Biney

et al. 2017

Social Science & Medicine

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“…The vulnerability of labor migrants to HIV is a critical public health concern globally [1][2][3]. Persons living between their household of origin and the destination region epidemiologically carry an increased risk, vulnerability, and burden with respect to HIV infection-due to a combination of biological, socioeconomic, and structural factors [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility and increased risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa: a mixed-method systematic review protocol

et al. 2018

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Background: In South Africa (home of the largest HIV epidemic globally), there are high levels of mobility. While studies produced in the recent past provide useful perspectives to the mobility-HIV risk linkage, systematic analyses are needed for in-depth understanding of the complex dynamics between mobility and HIV risk. We plan to undertake an evidence-based review of existing literature connecting mobility and increased risky sexual behavior as well as risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa. Methods/design: We will conduct a mixed-method systematic review of peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2015. In particular, we will search for relevant South African studies from the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and J-STOR databases. Studies explicitly examining HIV and labor migration will be eligible for inclusion, while non-empirical work and other studies on key vulnerable populations such as commercial sex workers (CSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) will be excluded.

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“…In generalized epidemics, migration influences HIV risk in nuanced ways, depending on qualities of the population and HIV epidemic (Cassels et al 2013; Deane, Parkhurst, and Johnston 2010). Whether HIV prevention strategies should target migrant populations depends on whether migrants are disproportionately affected by HIV or continue to drive ongoing HIV transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, sexual networks, and HIV in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Cassels¹,

Jenness²,

Biney³

et al. 2014

DemRes

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BACKGROUND HIV is spread through structured sexual networks, which are influenced by migration patterns, but network-oriented studies of mobility and HIV risk behavior have been limited. OBJECTIVE We present a comprehensive description and initial results from our Migration & HIV in Ghana (MHG) study in Agbogbloshie, an urban slum area within Accra, Ghana. METHODS The MHG study was a population-based cross-sectional study of adults aged 18–49 in Agbogbloshie in 2012. We used a one-year retrospective relationship history calendar to collect egocentric network data on sexual partners as well as migration and short-term mobility, and tested for prevalent HIV-1/2 infection. RESULTS HIV prevalence was 5.5%, with prevalence among women (7.2%) over twice that of men (2.8%). Three-quarters of residents were born outside the Greater Accra region, but had lived in Agbogbloshie an average of 10.7 years. Only 7% had moved housing structures within the past year. However, short-term mobility was common. Residents had an average of 7.3 overnight trips in the last year, with women reporting more travel than men. Thirty-seven percent of men and 9% of women reported more than one sexual partner in the last year. CONCLUSIONS Population-based surveys of migration and sexual risk behavior using relationship history calendars in low-resource settings can produce high quality data. Residents in Agbogbloshie are disproportionately affected by HIV, and have high levels of short-term mobility. HIV prevention interventions targeted to highly mobile populations in high prevalence settings may have far-reaching and long-term implications.

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Conceptual Framework and Research Methods for Migration and HIV Transmission Dynamics

Cited by 43 publications

References 74 publications

Geographic mobility and potential bridging for sexually transmitted infections in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Geographic mobility and potential bridging for sexually transmitted infections in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Mobility and increased risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa: a mixed-method systematic review protocol

Migration, sexual networks, and HIV in Agbogbloshie, Ghana

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