Conceptual Evaluation of Tsunami Debris Field Damming and Impact Forces

Collapse processes and associated loading of square light-frame timber structures due to bore-type waves

“…Hydraulic loading exerted by extreme hydrodynamic events on buildings comprises impulsive forces (short-duration, transient) induced by wave breaking, hydrodynamic forces (quasi-static, strong turbulence) (Al-Faesly et al, 2012;Robertson et al, 2013;Krautwald et al, 2022), debris impact forces (short-duration, transient, very strong) (Nistor et al, 2017;Derschum et al, 2018;Stolle, Derschum, et al, 2018), debris damming forces (quasi-static once established, unknown probability, evolution process) Shekhar et al, 2020), as well as buoyancy forces (Yeh et al, 2014), depending on building envelop state (Yeh et al, 2015). A forensic survey after Hurricane Ike making landfall in Texas, US, found storm surge and wave related building damage, dislodgement, and entire collapse correlated with relative vertical distance between lower floor elevation to maximum surge level on structures (Robertson et al, 2008;Kennedy et al, 2011).…”

“…This perspective yet overlooks the fact that in many cases, as will be seen in the literature review, over-loading leads to failure, partial or full collapse of buildings. In turn, considerable amounts of debris being generated during these collapse processes is then transported downstream, increasing loading on neighboring buildings through impact (Naito et al, 2014;Stolle et al, 2019Stolle et al, , 2020 or damming Shekhar et al, 2020). This work hence has the overall objective to foster the scientific work on and lay a basis for future predictive skills, to enable accurate modelling of water-debris mixtures evolving where extreme hydrodynamic events take place.…”

Building Resilient Coastal Communities: The NHERI Experimental Facility for Surge, Wave, and Tsunami Hazards

“…Subsequent to the testing phase, the HWRL EF leadership organized a series of monthly teleconferences with the UW team to assist with the subsequent data analysis and publication phase. To date, the project has led to the publication of 3 peer-reviewed journal papers (all co-authored with UW and OSU teams) and 1 conference proceedings (Lomonaco et al, 2018;Alam et al, 2020;Shekhar et al, 2020;Winter et al, 2020). Significantly, the project led to the successful submission of the project, NSF-1933184 "Understanding and Quantifying Structural Loading from Tsunami-Induced Debris Fields" funded to the UW team.…”

Tsunami Debris Damming Drag Forces And Associated Coefficients On Elevated Coastal Structure Columns

“…That paper aimed to study debris dam formation, stability, and loading as well as runup of the flow onto idealized structural columns. Another study varied debris quantity, orientation, and arrangement to determine the effect had on damming and impact loads (Shekhar et al, 2020), however neither compared findings to current standards.…”

“…Three different incident wave conditions also led to varied hydrodynamics at the column specimen. In later phases, this campaign will also investigate the debris damming consequences of heterogeneous debris, which more accurately represent highly variable debris fields observed in post-event site surveys (Nistor et al, 2017).…”