Conceptual disorganization and redistribution of resting-state cortical hubs in untreated first-episode psychosis: A 7T study

Dey, Avyarthana; Dempster, Kara; Mackinley, Michael; Jeon, Peter; Das, Tushar Kanti; Khan, Ali Raza; Gati, Joe; Palaniyappan, Lena

doi:10.1038/s41537-020-00130-3

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The results were so specific and selective, repeated across various PANSS models, that NPS may be understood as the marker of excitement/Hostility symptomatology. The activities of the NPS/NPSR system were consistent in many aspects with theories explaining the psychotic disorganization related to the E/H factor [ 47 ]. Moreover, in animal studies, NPS can reduce the stress reaction, and stress is virtually the mandatory element of all vulnerability concepts of schizophrenia [ 2 , 7 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Relationship of Neuropeptide S with Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Patients during Rehabilitation Therapy for Schizophrenia

Markiewicz-Gospodarek

Dobrowolska

Maciejewski

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a factor associated with the central regulation of body weight, stress, anxiety, learning, memory consolidation, wakefulness–sleep cycle, and anti-inflammatory and neuroplastic effects. Its stress-reducing, anti-anxiety, arousal without anxiety, and pro-cognitive effects represent an interesting option for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The purpose of the study was to examine the potential associations of NPS levels in the blood with clinical and metabolic parameters during the rehabilitation therapy of patients with schizophrenia. Thirty-three male subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia were randomly divided into two groups. The rehabilitation group (REH, N16) consisted of patients who were subjected to structured, 3-month intensive rehabilitation therapy, and the control group (CON, N17) consisted of patients who were subjected to a standard support mechanism. Both groups continued their pharmacological treatment as usual. The NPS concentration, as well as clinical and metabolic parameters, were compared in both groups. Additionally, a group of healthy (H) males (N15) was tested for NPS reference scores. To look for the specificity and selectivity of the NPS relationship with clinical results, various factor models of the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) were analyzed, including the original PANSS 2/3 model, its modified four-factor version, the male-specific four-factor model, and two five-factorial models validated in large groups in clinical and multi-ethnic studies. Results and conclusions: (1) Structured rehabilitation therapy, compared to unstructured supportive therapy, significantly reduced the level of schizophrenia disorders defined by various factor models derived from PANSS. (2) The clinical improvement within the 3-month rehabilitation therapy course was correlated with a significant decrease in neuropeptide S (NPS) serum level. (3) The excitement/Hostility (E/H) factor, which included schizophrenic symptoms of the psychotic disorganization, was specific and selective for the reduction in serum NPS, which was stable across all analyzed factor models. (4) The long-term relationship between serum NPS and clinical factors was not accompanied by basic metabolic parameters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Relationship of Neuropeptide S with Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Patients during Rehabilitation Therapy for Schizophrenia

Markiewicz-Gospodarek

Dobrowolska

Maciejewski

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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“…We previously examined the overall resting functional MRI (fMRI) correlates of CD from an overlapping sample; this has been reported elsewhere. 62…”

Section: Metabolites Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute conceptual disorganization in untreated first-episode psychosis: a combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion imaging study of the cingulum

Pan

Dempster

Jeon

et al. 2021

jpn

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Background: Disorganized thinking is a core feature of acute psychotic episodes that is linked to social and vocational functioning. Several lines of evidence implicate disrupted cognitive control, excitatory overdrive and oxidative stress relating to the anterior cingulate cortex as mechanisms of conceptual disorganization (CD). We examined 3 candidate mechanistic markers related to CD in firstepisode psychosis: glutamate excess, cortical antioxidant (glutathione) status and the integrity of the cingulum bundle that connects regions implicated in cognitive control. Methods: We used fractional anisotropy maps from 7 T diffusion-weighted imaging to investigate the bilateral cingulum based on a probabilistic white matter atlas. We compared high CD, low CD and healthy control groups and performed probabilistic fibre tracking from the identified clusters (regions of interest within the cingulum) to the rest of the brain. We quantified glutamate and glutathione using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Results: We found a significant fractional anisotropy reduction in a cluster in the left cingulum in the high CD group compared to the low CD group (Cohen’s d = 1.39; p < 0.001) and controls (Cohen’s d = 0.86; p = 0.009). Glutamate levels did not vary among groups, but glutathione levels were higher in the high CD group than in the low CD group. We also found higher glutathione related to lower fractional anisotropy in the cingulum cluster in the high CD group. Limitations: The MRS measures of glutamine were highly uncertain, and MRS was acquired from a single voxel only. Conclusion: Acute CD relates to indicators of oxidative stress, as well as reduced white matter integrity of the cingulum, but not to MRI-based glutamatergic excess. We propose that both oxidative imbalance and structural dysconnectivity underlie acute disorganization.

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“…The present study focused on FEP patients, and did not include patients with chronic psychosis. Consequently, we were not able to examine how acute FTD may differ from chronic FTD [ 45 , 46 ]. This would be important to address in future work using automated NLP markers of transcribed speech.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Language Processing markers in first episode psychosis and people at clinical high-risk

et al. 2021

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Recent work has suggested that disorganised speech might be a powerful predictor of later psychotic illness in clinical high risk subjects. To that end, several automated measures to quantify disorganisation of transcribed speech have been proposed. However, it remains unclear which measures are most strongly associated with psychosis, how different measures are related to each other and what the best strategies are to collect speech data from participants. Here, we assessed whether twelve automated Natural Language Processing markers could differentiate transcribed speech excerpts from subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis, first episode psychosis patients and healthy control subjects (total N = 54). In-line with previous work, several measures showed significant differences between groups, including semantic coherence, speech graph connectivity and a measure of whether speech was on-topic, the latter of which outperformed the related measure of tangentiality. Most NLP measures examined were only weakly related to each other, suggesting they provide complementary information. Finally, we compared the ability of transcribed speech generated using different tasks to differentiate the groups. Speech generated from picture descriptions of the Thematic Apperception Test and a story re-telling task outperformed free speech, suggesting that choice of speech generation method may be an important consideration. Overall, quantitative speech markers represent a promising direction for future clinical applications.

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Conceptual disorganization and redistribution of resting-state cortical hubs in untreated first-episode psychosis: A 7T study

Cited by 16 publications

References 74 publications

Relationship of Neuropeptide S with Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Patients during Rehabilitation Therapy for Schizophrenia

Relationship of Neuropeptide S with Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Patients during Rehabilitation Therapy for Schizophrenia

Acute conceptual disorganization in untreated first-episode psychosis: a combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion imaging study of the cingulum

Natural Language Processing markers in first episode psychosis and people at clinical high-risk

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