Conceptual designs of two petawatt-class pulsed-power accelerators for high-energy-density-physics experiments

Stygar, W. A.; Awe, T. J.; Bailey, J. E.; Bennett, Nichelle; Breden, E. W.; Campbell, E. M.; Clark, Robert E.; Cooper, Robert; Cuneo, M. E.; Ennis, J.B.; Fehl, D. L.; Genoni, T. C.; Gómez, M. R.; Greiser, G. W.; Gruner, F. R.; Herrmann, Mark; Hutsel, B. T.; Jennings, C. A.; Jobe, D.; Jones, B.; Jones, M. C.; Jones, P. A.; Knapp, Patrick; Lash, J. S.; LeChien, K. R.; Leckbee, Joshua J.; Leeper, R. J.; Lewis, S. A.; Long, F. W.; Lucero, D. J.; Madrid, E. A.; Martin, Matthew; Matzen, M. K.; Mazarakis, M.G.; McBride, R. D.; McKee, G. R.; Miller, Carol; Moore, J.; Mostrom, C. B.; Mulville, T. D.; Peterson, Kyle; Porter, J. L.; Reisman, D. B.; Rochau, G. A.; Rose, D. V.; Rovang, Dean C.; Savage, M. E.; Sceiford, M. E.; Schmit, Paul; Schneider, R. F.; Schwarz, Jens; Sefkow, A. B.; Sinars, Daniel Brian; Slutz, Stephen A.; Spielman, R. B.; Stoltzfus, Brian; Thoma, C.; Vesey, Roger Alan; Wakeland, P.; Welch, D. R.; Wisher, Matthew Louis; Woodworth, J. R.

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.18.110401

Cited by 117 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…IMGs could also be developed to serve as prime power sources for a wide variety of other pulsed-power accelerators, such as the Neptune machine [18,20,23,26,27] and possibly Z 300 and Z 800 [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20] is powered by ninety 33-cavity LTD modules. Each cavity is in turn powered by 20 bricks, each of which has the parameters summarized by Eqs.…”

Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, even the most advanced cores do not create an effectively infinite resistance, and allow a small fraction of the current generated by the bricks within a cavity to be lost by flowing parasitically along the cavity's inner surfaces. An additional issue may be associated with building a petawattclass LTD-powered accelerator: such a machine is likely to require at least ∼12; 000 cores [6,[18][19][20], which may be challenging to fabricate in a timely manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A linear-transformer-driver (LTD) module is an induction voltage adder that is powered by circuits located within the cavities of the adder [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Since an LTD module can be designed to provide single-stage electrical-pulse compression and impedance matching, such modules are attractive candidates as prime-power sources for nextgeneration pulsed-power accelerators .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each cavity, Fig. 3 models the cores as a resistive circuit element with resistance R cores located at the cavity output [7,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Impedance-matched Marx generators

Stygar

LeChien

Mazarakis

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have conceived a new class of prime-power sources for pulsed-power accelerators: impedancematched Marx generators (IMGs). The fundamental building block of an IMG is a brick, which consists of two capacitors connected electrically in series with a single switch. An IMG comprises a single stage or several stages distributed axially and connected in series. Each stage is powered by a single brick or several bricks distributed azimuthally within the stage and connected in parallel. The stages of a multistage IMG drive an impedance-matched coaxial transmission line with a conical center conductor. When the stages are triggered sequentially to launch a coherent traveling wave along the coaxial line, the IMG achieves electromagnetic-power amplification by triggered emission of radiation. Hence a multistage IMG is a pulsed-power analogue of a laser. To illustrate the IMG approach to prime power, we have developed conceptual designs of two ten-stage IMGs with LC time constants on the order of 100 ns. One design includes 20 bricks per stage, and delivers a peak electrical power of 1.05 TW to a matched-impedance 1.22-Ω load. The design generates 113 kV per stage and has a maximum energy efficiency of 89%. The other design includes a single brick per stage, delivers 68 GW to a matched-impedance 19-Ω load, generates 113 kV per stage, and has a maximum energy efficiency of 90%. For a given electrical-poweroutput time history, an IMG is less expensive and slightly more efficient than a linear transformer driver, since an IMG does not use ferromagnetic cores.

show abstract

Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20] is powered by ninety 33-cavity LTD modules. Each cavity is in turn powered by 20 bricks, each of which has the parameters summarized by Eqs.…”

Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each cavity, Fig. 3 models the cores as a resistive circuit element with resistance R cores located at the cavity output [7,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Impedance-matched Marx generators

Stygar

LeChien

Mazarakis

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Tabular electrical conductivity for aluminium

Starrett

Perriot

Shaffer

et al. 2019

Contributions to Plasma Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new Sesame‐type table for the electrical conductivity of aluminium is described. The table is based on density functional theory calculations and ranges from 10−3 to 1 times solid density (2.7 g/cm3), and from 10−2 to 103 eV in temperature. The table is compared with other those of simulations and to experiments and is generally in good agreement. The high‐temperature, classical limit of the conductivity is recovered for the highest temperatures and lowest densities. The table is critically evaluated, and directions for improvements are discussed.

show abstract

Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA Fusion Program

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper provides a retrospective of the ALPHA (Accelerating Low-cost Plasma Heating and Assembly) fusion program of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. Department of Energy. ALPHA's objective was to catalyze research and development efforts to enable substantially lower-cost pathways to economical fusion power. To do this in a targeted, focused program, ALPHA focused on advancing the science and technology of pulsed, intermediate-density fusion approaches, including magneto-inertial fusion and Z-pinch variants, that have the potential to scale to commercially viable fusion power plants. The paper includes a discussion of the origins and framing of the ALPHA program, a summary of project status and outcomes, a description of associated technology-transition activities, and thoughts on a potential follow-on ARPA-E fusion program. Introduction:In 2014 the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) launched a new research program on low-cost approaches to fusion-energy development [1]. The "Accelerating Low-Cost Plasma Heating and Assembly" (ALPHA) program set out to enable more rapid progress towards fusion energy by establishing a wider range of technological options that could be pursued with smaller, lower-cost experiments, short development and construction times, and high experimental throughput. Mainstream fusion research generally refers to magnetically or inertially confined fusion, both of which require expensive facilities for reasons briefly described below and explored in more detail in several books[2] [3]. ALPHA focused on magneto-inertial fusion (MIF), a class of pulsed fusion approaches with fuel densities in between those of magnetic and inertial fusion[4], [5] [6]. This paper presents a brief background on the origins of the ALPHA program, the results achieved by ALPHA-funded teams, and a look ahead to potential next steps for low-cost fusion development. OriginsARPA-E's mission is to develop transformational new energy technologies [7]. While DOE has pursued fusion energy as a potentially transformational opportunity for decades, ARPA-E had not supported any work in fusion prior to the ALPHA program. This was in part due to a perception that fusion was inherently the realm of "big science" and that ARPA-E, which runs relatively small, targeted, short-term programs across a wide spectrum of energy technologies-did not have a role to play in that development. In launching ALPHA, ARPA-E sought to change this dynamic and bring new players into the field -both in terms of the kinds of teams doing fusion development (e.g., smaller groups and private startups), and in terms of the sources of funding (e.g., private investors). The ALPHA program

show abstract

Conceptual designs of two petawatt-class pulsed-power accelerators for high-energy-density-physics experiments

Cited by 117 publications

References 78 publications

Impedance-matched Marx generators

Impedance-matched Marx generators

Tabular electrical conductivity for aluminium

Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA Fusion Program

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About