Conceptual design and analysis of a car bumper using finite element method

Abstract

Due to intrinsic or extrinsic conditions, the number of car accidents has increased currently across the globe. Drivers must be assured that they can avoid these problematic conditions. According to the statistics, about 10,000 are dead, and more than a million people are wounded each year in India. Hence, improvement in the safety of vehicles is of utmost importance to shoot down the number of accidents. The automotive bumper beam is one of the essential components in passenger cars. Bumper beams reduce or minimize the extent of impact caused at the front and rear ends during a collision in passenger vehicles. It absorbs the impact energy. The important physical parameters in the bumper beams such as material, size, and design to improve the extent of crashworthiness are studied and discussed in this current work. Comparative analysis between 2 mm thickness and 4 mm thickness bumper with honeycomb structure is studied. An ideal design composition is considered. This helps in advanced safety precautions.

Crash Behavior and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Thin S-Shaped Longitudinal Members

“…From the above Global Energy plots we conclude that post-processing first checked and the Energy plots which consists of internal, kinetic and total energy plots. As we can see that kinetic energy reduces the internal energy absorbed increases and the total energy plot remains constant [18]. The X-displacement plot of the Square Aluminum with double inner Stiffener S-shaped longitudinal members is shown in the above Fig.…”

Experimental investigation and crashworthiness analysis of 3D printed carbon PA automobile bumper to improve energy absorption by using LS-DYNA

“…The front end of the car is sturdy enough with foam inserts and bumper-cover to absorb a small amount of energy at low speed impacts without further damage to the critical components behind radiators, intercoolers, condensers, etc. 2–7 . In addition to all the above studies, “frame member behind the bumper beam and energy absorber was also investigated as well for a possible hybrid material replacement for crashworthiness improvement.” 8,9 The choice of car bumper material depends on the following factors and Requirements: Absorb more energy while in collision, High resistance to rust, Low cost, Light in weight, availability of the material environmental condition, Easy for large scale manufacturing, and others.…”

“…The front end of the car is sturdy enough with foam inserts and bumper-cover to absorb a small amount of energy at low speed impacts without further damage to the critical components behind radiators, intercoolers, condensers, etc. [2][3][4][5][6][7] . In addition to all the above studies, ''frame member behind the bumper beam and energy absorber was also investigated as well for a possible hybrid material replacement for crashworthiness improvement.''…”

The MOORA method integrated finite element analysis of thin-wall tube structures for energy absorption in the front bumper

“…In their studies, they used structural topology optimization on various foam-filled tubes. Keni et al [24] investigated the effects of wall thickness on crashworthiness by using the finite element method. They selected 2mm and 4mm wall thicknesses for comparative analysis.…”