Conceptual Aircraft Design Based on a Multiconstraint Genetic Optimizer

Particle Swarm Approach in Finding Optimum Aircraft Configuration

“…As we can see, the average solution is very close to the best one; this result means that the PSO algorithm is able to provide very similar solutions, that is, to define the most promising area within the design space. The main data of the optimum solution, obtained with a genetic optimizer [4], are reported in the last column. Comparison with the particle swarm best solution indicates that both configurations have quite the same characteristics, thus proving PSO effectiveness in finding a global minimum.…”

“…To avoid sigmoid saturation, original authors of this technique recommend to clamp a velocity value in the range [ 4,4]. One of the advantages of this technique, compared to GA, is the possibility to handle effectively a very short binary string, even a one-bit-coded discrete variable.…”

“…Therefore, previously obtained results [4] have been used as terms of comparison to evaluate the effectiveness of the particle swarm optimization technique. Design variables as well as constraint functions are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.…”

“…To estimate block time, block fuel, and aircraft weight, a proper mission profile [4] has been defined with the following main characteristics: design range of 2963 km in addition to typical civil aircraft reserves (45 min extended cruise 185 km alternate).…”

A hybrid genetic based optimization procedure for aircraft conceptual analysis

“…Actually, GAs have aroused significant interests in engineering and industrial applications, with an increasing number of studies performed in the last decade. In particular, several applications can be found in the area of aerodynamic design (Ahmed et al, 1996;Raymer and Crossley, 2002), and specifically for the conceptual aircraft design (Gage and Kroo, 1993;Crossley and Laananen, 1996;Blasi et al, 2000;Perez et al, 2000). Nevertheless, the high time-consuming effort required by GAs, is a serious limitation to its successful use in applications of industrial interest.…”