Concepts in Syngas Manufacture

Rostrup-Nielsen, J.R.; Christiansen, L.J.

doi:10.1142/9781848165687

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Additives such as CaO, MgO, or La 2 O 3 are reported to increase the reduction temperature in the absence and even more so in the presence of water [5,10,27]. The formation of bulk solid solutions of NiO and MgO was observed in physical mixtures hereof, treated at high temperature, resulting in a high reduction temperature [1,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These conditions require a hydrothermally stable catalyst. Therefore, a ceramic support such as ␣-alumina, magnesium-alumina spinel, and calcium-aluminate are typically used, upon which nanoparticles of NiO is supported [1,2]. Catalysts for prereforming are often pre-reduced from the catalyst manufacture as hydrogen for reduction is often not available at the site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary reforming catalyst is the most challenging to reduce as the inlet temperature to the reactor can be as low as 450 • C. An O/C ratio of 5-10 is used and activation is initiated by cracking the hydrocarbons in the hotter part of the catalyst bed which initiate reduction of NiO. This initiates steam reforming, generating more hydrogen which by backward diffusion reduces the catalyst layer upstream [1]. If recycle hydrogen is available at the plant, it can be feed to the inlet stream to speed up reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduction process of the catalyst is important in relation to obtaining full reduction of the NiO particles and finely dispersed Ni-particles. The active site for the steam reforming reaction is located at the surface of the Ni-particles [1,3]. Optimal activity is therefore obtained when the catalyst is fully reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies of reduction both bulk NiO and supported NiO have been carried out [1,. The reduction of supported NiO has also attracted renewed interest in relation to chemical looping combustion and reforming [30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

et al. 2016

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Wasserstoff: Alternative zu fossilen Energieträgern?

Stolten

2011

Erneuerbare Energie

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Stable Performance of Ni Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane at High Temperatures for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Syngas

et al. 2013

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The efficient conversion of CO 2 into various chemicals and fuels is a prospective building block for the more sustainable use of our global resources. [1] Among the various strategies that have been proposed for converting CO 2 into higherenergy intermediates, [2] processes that employ heterogeneous catalysis are of special interest, because they are scalable, based on a mature and flexible technology that has already been applied in the chemical industry, and can be integrated into existing value chains. [3] The dry reforming of methane (DRM) with carbon dioxide is an interesting method for converting these two greenhouse gases into CO/H 2 mixtures [Eq. (1)]. This reaction opens the door to utilizing anthropogenic CO 2 , which is obtained from, for example, oxy-fuel-combustion processes, in the well-established downstream chemistry of syngas to afford MeOH and other base chemicals or fuels through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.The highly endothermic DRM reaction has long been studied as a potential alternative for the steam reforming of methane and several comprehensive reviews have been published on this topic. [4][5][6] It is well-known that Ru, Rh, and Pt catalysts are very active in this reaction. Active base metals-and Ni in particular-suffer from fast deactivation by coking. [7,8] However, from an economic point of view, Ni-based catalysts are more suitable for commercial applications than noble-metal ones. Thus, a current challenge is to find a noble-metal-free catalyst that is resistant towards coking. [9] Promising approaches in the literature include the poisoning of coke-forming sites by sulfur, [10] variation of the support, [11] in particular through the application of Lewis-basic materials, [12] the addition of alkaline or alkaline-earth oxides as promoters, [13][14] and the incorporation of Ni into a perovskite framework. [15] It has been shown that the deposition of carbon over Ni at 700 8C and over Rh at 750 8C originates from the exothermic Boudouard reaction [Eq. (2)] and not primarily from methane decomposition [Eq. (3)]. [16,17] 2 CO $ CO 2 þC DH 298 ¼ À172 kJ mol À1 ð2ÞThus, the process temperature is an important parameter in the DRM reaction. [4] Considering the thermodynamics of the desired endothermic DRM and of the undesired exothermic Boudouard reaction, a promising way of suppressing coking would be to perform the DRM reaction at high temperatures. [18] Typically, 750 8C is an upper limit in many literature reports. In addition, the thermodynamic yields of CO and H 2 would increase at higher temperatures. Following this concept, the primary challenge in making the Ni particles kinetically more resistant to coking involves making a large Ni surface area thermally stable against sintering at more elevated temperatures. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization andThe catalytic performance of a Ni/MgAlO x catalyst was investigated in the high temperature CO 2 reforming of CH 4 . The catalyst was developed using a Ni, Mg, Al hydrotalcite-like precursor obtained by co-precipitation. ...

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Concepts in Syngas Manufacture

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

Wasserstoff: Alternative zu fossilen Energieträgern?

Stable Performance of Ni Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane at High Temperatures for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Syngas

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Concepts in Syngas Manufacture

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

Migrating Al species hindering NiO reduction on Al containing catalyst carriers

Wasserstoff: Alternative zu fossilen Energieträgern?

Stable Performance of Ni Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane at High Temperatures for the Efficient Conversion of CO2 into Syngas

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Product

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Stable Performance of Ni Catalysts in the Dry Reforming of Methane at High Temperatures for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Syngas