Concepts and methods for studying interactions of roots and soil structure

Noordwijk, Meine van; Brouwer, G.; Harmanny, Klaas

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(93)90122-2

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, the consequences of conservation tillage on root growth and nutrient use efficiency remain uncertain, and more data are needed on soil responses following conversion to more environmentally friendly crop production. This is important, since altered root development could change the efficiency of water and nutrient use, which determine environmental impacts of agriculture (van Noordwijk et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth dynamics of spring cereals with discontinuation of mouldboard ploughing

Pietola

2005

Soil and Tillage Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth dynamics of spring cereals with discontinuation of mouldboard ploughing

Pietola

2005

Soil and Tillage Research

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“…A redox dye was used to visualize oxygen transport in roots, grown in a nutrient solution (Van Noordwijk et al, 1993). A plant was fixed to a plate and the root system spread out on a pin board under water; oxygen was removed from the root surface by applying nitrogen gas.…”

Section: Redox Dye Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results indicated that for every percent Ep the root can be aerated for about 1.1 cm while in a non-aerated medium. Branch roots close to the stem base also developed a blue surface, indicating no absolute barrier in the transfer of 0 2 from a main axis to a branch root, although some evidence was obtained for an additional resistance Van Noordwijk et al, 1993).…”

Section: Distance Of 0 E Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the soil is not anaerobic, but has a limited O 2 supply the tip can extend further. While a root tip is penetrating into an aggregate, aeration is problematic because cortical gas channels do not extend to the tip where metabolic activity is highest and because oxygen has to diffuse across almost the complete diameter of an aggregate (Van Noordwijk et al, 1993). After the root has entered a new macropore only the radius of the aggregate has to be bridged, from two sides.…”

Section: Relevance Under Field Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complete root-soil contact facilitates uptake of water and nutrients (Veen et al, 1993), but aeration of the root will be difficult if such complete contact exists along the total length of a root. Root sections with incomplete root-soil contact and thus in (partial) contact with macropores can be regarded as 'breathing sections' (Van Noordwijk et al, 1993). Cellular structure outside the cortex (epidermis and exodermis) may influence entry of oxygen into such a breathing section, but also influences loss of oxygen from the root tissue in the remaining part of the root.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-filled root porosity in response to temporary low oxygen supply in different growth stages

Noordwijk¹,

Brouwer²

1993

Plant Soil

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The development of gas-filled root porosity in response to temporary low oxygen supply was tested for a range of edible and ornamental crops: rice, maize, wheat, sugar beet, tomato, cucumber, sweet pepper, carnation, gerbera and rose. In a first experiment, the roots of tomato, maize and gerbera had a higher gas-filled root porosity, Ep (% v/v), when grown permanently in a non-aerated instead of aerated solution. The Ep of roots increased during two weeks when half the root system of a young plant was transferred to a non-aerated solution; in older plants this response was not seen. Carnation had a negligible gas-filled porosity in all treatments. In a second experiment, a comparison was made between high (20 kPa) and low (about 2 kPa) 02 partial pressure in a recirculating nutrient solution. Half of the root system was transferred to low O 2 at various growth stages. In most species older plants did not increase Ep on exposure to low 0 2. For tomato, sweet pepper and rose, E v was normally in the range 3-8% (v/v). Young plants of cucumber, wheat and sugar beet also had an Ep in that range, but in older plants values ranged from 1 to 3%. Transverse root sections examined by light microscopy showed, on average, 60% more intercellular spaces in the root cortex than the measurements of gas-filled porosity, probably because some gaps and spaces in the cortex were not gas-filled. This effect was most pronounced in tomato. A negative pressure in the cortex may be needed for gaps to be gas-filled. An exodermis may increase the effectiveness of gas spaces in the cortex by closing the gas channels and, by offering some resistance to water uptake, allowing a negative pressure head in the cortex which keeps gaps gas-filled. A redox dye method was developed to study the length of root which is effectively supplied with oxygen, as a function of Ep. Results indicated that for every percent Ep the root can remain aerated over at least 1 cm in a non-aerated medium under the conditions of the test.

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Waldumbau und Stoffhaushalt

Wilpert¹

2005

Waldumbau

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Concepts and methods for studying interactions of roots and soil structure

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Root growth dynamics of spring cereals with discontinuation of mouldboard ploughing

Root growth dynamics of spring cereals with discontinuation of mouldboard ploughing

Gas-filled root porosity in response to temporary low oxygen supply in different growth stages

Waldumbau und Stoffhaushalt

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