Concepts and Measures for Basic Network Analysis

Hanneman, Robert; Riddle, Mark S.

doi:10.4135/9781446294413.n24

Cited by 147 publications

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“…In particular, we explored the prominence or influence of actors and actor groups, i.e., sets of organizations with similar characteristics, and the interactions and information exchange between them (see Wassermann andFaust 1994, Hanneman andRiddle 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons for REDD+ from Cameroon's past forestry law reform: a political economy analysis

Dkamela¹,

Brockhaus²,

Djiegni³

et al. 2014

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancing forest carbon stocks (REDD+) is gaining traction in Cameroon. However, given the deep-rooted trans-sectoral drivers of forest loss, enforcing REDD+ policies will require major policy change and reform both within and beyond the forestry sector. In this paper, we view the REDD+ policy arena in Cameroon within a political economy framework and conduct policy network analysis to explore the factors that will enable or hinder efforts to implement the broad policy change required to realize REDD+. As the REDD+ context is shaped by the history of Cameroon's forestry sector, we draw lessons for REDD+ from the forestry law reform undertaken in 1994. We focus our analysis on three factors considered necessary for REDD+ success: (i) autonomy of the nation state from interests behind deforestation and forest degradation, (ii) national ownership over reform processes, and (iii) inclusiveness of policy processes. We find that the REDD+ policy process in Cameroon is repeating the weaknesses of the earlier forestry law reform, as seen in the minimal ownership of REDD+ by national actor groups and low inclusiveness among domestic actors at both national and local levels, as well as the absence of a national coalition for REDD+. Furthermore, politics and private agendas are compromising state agencies' autonomy in making decisions about forest resources. Our findings suggest that responses to these weaknesses, as well as to inconsistencies between sectoral policies and to competition over forest resources, will determine whether REDD+ can induce change within and beyond Cameroon's forestry sector.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons for REDD+ from Cameroon's past forestry law reform: a political economy analysis

Dkamela¹,

Brockhaus²,

Djiegni³

et al. 2014

E&S

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As relações são compostas por um conjunto de ligações da mesma natureza entre os membros do grupo. E, por fim, o conteúdo transacional trata-se do conteúdo trocado entre os atores e pode ser elementos materiais ou não materiais (Hanneman & Riddle, 2011;Vieira, 2008). Na análise de uma rede social, deve-se levar em consideração suas características estruturais, tais como sua densidade, centralidade, distâncias, diâmetro, dentre outras.…”

Section: Redes Sociaisunclassified

“…Quanto mais próxima de um estiver a proporção, maior será a densidade. Ela pode dar indícios da velocidade com que as informações estão difusas entre os nós (Hanneman & Riddle, 2011).…”

Section: Redes Sociaisunclassified

“…Outra característica é a centralidade de atores, pois eles se diferenciam entre si pela quantidade de laços que possuem. Quanto mais laços na rede, mais alternativas um ator terá para satisfazer suas necessidades, terá fontes para acessar e adquirir recursos, pertencendo a posições centrais (Hanneman & Riddle, 2011). Pequenos grupos que mantém relações recíprocas, chamados cliques, geralmente são formados em redes nas quais os atores estão mais próximos uns dos outros enquanto existem outras partes mais dispersas (Hanneman & Riddle, 2011).…”

Section: Redes Sociaisunclassified

“…Quanto maior for o índice de centralidade de um ator, mais forte será o papel por ele desempenhado. Tal situação se repete com os expansores de fronteira cuja função é conectar redes diferenciadas, sendo que a sua saída pode gerar quebras na rede (Hanneman & Riddle, 2011).…”

Section: Redes Sociaisunclassified

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Relações entre produtividade acadêmica e redes sociais entre pesquisadores da Ciência Psicológica

Neiva

Fussi

Corradi

2016

Estud. psicol. (Campinas)

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Online supportive interactions: Using a network approach to examine communication patterns within a psychosis social support group in Taiwan

Chang

2009

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci.

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A network approach was used to determine the overall supportive communication patterns constructed within the PTT psychosis support group in Taiwan, the largest bulletin board system in the Chinese-speaking world.The full sequences of supportive interactions were observed over a 2 IntroductionHumans need various types of social support at many points in life, especially when they or the ones they care for are in need of health information (Yoo & Robbins, 2008). Individuals purposively acquire health information from "selected information carriers" (Johnson, 1996, p. 9) to reduce uncertainty regarding health issues. Indeed, much has been written about the associations between social support and individuals' emotional and physical well-being (Burleson & MacGeorge, 2002).In general, social support is important across age (Tichon 1& Shapiro, 2003;Wright, 2000;Xie, 2008), and culture (Burleson, Liu, Liu, & Mortenson, 2006;Hiller & Franz, 2004), and is especially significant to individuals afflicted with diseases (Bambina, 2005;Bertero, 2000;Eichhorn, 2008). "Indeed, a life without any supportive relationships is virtually unthinkable" (Albrecht, Burleson, & Goldsmith, 1994, p. 419). Fortunately, with the advent of the Internet, Received June 26, 2008; revised February 12, 2009; accepted February 16, 2009 © 2009 ASIS&T • Published online 13 April 2009 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/asi.21070 which has "rapidly expanded to address the demand for medical information on health-related topics" (Cotton & Gupta, 2004, p. 1796, individuals have access to a superior and fabulous medium for social support (Robinson & Turner, 2003;Walther & Parks, 2002).Online social support has fundamentally changed two structural aspects of traditional face-to-face (FtF) social support: the channels of communication and the sociometric relationships of support seekers and providers (Walther & Parks, 2002). These two features both expand individuals' personal social support networks. First, individuals can seek and provide social support without constraints of time and space in online venues (Eichhorn, 2008;Franzen, 2000;Wellman, 2001). Second, individuals can have more social choices regarding to whom they could go when they engage in supportive interactions (Hlebec, Manfreda, & Vehovar, 2006).The other change brought about by online supportive interactions, from a researcher's point of view, is that the full sequence of events comprising supportive interactions can be easily recorded and observed online. In general, researchers have agreed that there are four sequences of events for supportive interactions: support activation target, support provision by a helper, support receipt and accompanying reactions by the target, and responses to the target's reaction by the helper. However, in the past, most studies have focused on the first two phases of the full sequence, and few studies have been conducted to study the full four phases of supportive interactions (Burleson & MacGeorge, 2002). One major ...

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Concepts and Measures for Basic Network Analysis

Cited by 147 publications

References 0 publications

Lessons for REDD+ from Cameroon's past forestry law reform: a political economy analysis

Lessons for REDD+ from Cameroon's past forestry law reform: a political economy analysis

Relações entre produtividade acadêmica e redes sociais entre pesquisadores da Ciência Psicológica

Online supportive interactions: Using a network approach to examine communication patterns within a psychosis social support group in Taiwan

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