Conceptions of Happiness Scale

Joshanloo, Mohsen; Rizwan, Muhammad; Khilji, Imran Ahmed; Ferreira, Maria Cristina; Poon, Wai Ching; Sundaram, Suresh; Ho, Lok Sang; Yeung, Victoria Wai-lan; Han, Gyuseog; Bae, Jang–Ho; Demır, Melıkşah; Achoui, Mustapha; Pang, Joyce S.; Jiang, Ding-Yu; Lamers, S.M.A.; Turan, Yücel; Lepshokova, Zarina; Panyusheva, Tatiana; Natalia, Amerkhanova; Asano, Ryosuke; Igarashi, Tasuku; Tsukamoto, Saori

doi:10.1037/t58396-000

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The lack of strong scalar invariance in the present analyses is not surprising; it is a common occurrence in scientific research (Joshanloo et al, 2014;Torsheim et al, 2012). In social research, it is often the case that cultural norms may predispose a population group to respond in ways that systematically differ from the ways another population group would respond (Gregorich, 2006).…”

Section: Gender Invariancementioning

confidence: 77%

Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Gender Invariance of the Revised IRMA Scale in Nigeria

Fakunmoju

Abrefa‐Gyan

Maphosa

2018

Affilia

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Research scales developed in one society are often validated in another society to determine the factor structure and measurement equivalence of the scales. Using a convenience sample of 378 respondents from two cross-sectional studies, the present analyses examined confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and gender invariance in the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance (IRMA) Scale in Nigeria. Specifically, the analyses examined whether the scale holds similar factor structure, whether the latent means can be compared, and whether respondents interpreted items similarly or ascribed the same meaning to them across gender. Based on the analyses, CFA results validated the hypothesized multidimensional four-factor structure of IRMA, namely, "she asked for it," "he didn't mean to," "it wasn't really rape," and "she lied." Similarly, the IRMA measurement was invariant (partial scalar invariance) across gender, suggesting that men and women interpreted IRMA's items and constructs similarly. Results of an independent-samples t test suggested that women were more likely than men to reject the myth that female victim of rape "lied." In general, preliminary findings indicated that IRMA is suitable for research on rape myths in Nigeria. Knowledge generated from its use may enhance understanding of rape myths, rape-supportive behaviors, and rape prevention and victim intervention programs.

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Section: Gender Invariancementioning

confidence: 77%