Conception Rates and Related Data Using Frozen Dog Semen

Seager, S. W. J.; Platz, C. C.; Fletcher, W S

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0450189

Cited by 41 publications

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“…On the other hand, if semen were collected from wild animals in the field, manipulation of the ejaculate would have to be carried out under unfavorable conditions. Thus, modifications would be needed for the application of techniques developed for dogs to wild animals.Successful artificial insemination with frozen canine semen has been well documented [18,22,23,25,27] since the first conception was reported by Seager [21], and recently, the freezing protocol for canine semen has been improved [1,3,20,[28][29][30]. If semen is diluted to a constant final sperm concentration, the dilution rates may differ.…”

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Effects of Final Dilution Rate, Sperm Concentration and Times for Cooling and Glycerol Equilibration on Post-Thaw Characteristics of Canine Spermatozoa

Okano

Murase

Asano

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. This study re-evaluated a protocol for cryopreservation of canine semen. Semen from 4 beagle dogs was pooled, concentrated by centrifugation and adjusted to increasing sperm concentrations by adding back seminal plasma. The prepared or original semen was diluted with an extender (Egg yolk-Tris-citrate-glucose) and cooled to 4°C (cooling), followed by a second dilution with the same extender including glycerol, equilibrated at 4°C (equilibration), then stored in liquid nitrogen. The semen was diluted for frozen samples having a fixed sperm concentration with increasing dilution rates or for those having the reverse combinations. Various dilution rates of 2.5-10 folds or sperm concentrations of 0.25-2.5 × 10 8 /ml had no significant effect on post-thaw sperm characteristics. When cooling was done for different times (0-26 hr) with glycerol equilibration for 1 hr, post-thaw characteristics were better at 2 and 3 hr of cooling, while various times for equilibration (0-4 hr) with cooling for 3 hr had no effect. These results suggest that different dilution rates and sperm concentrations within the ranges tested may not affect the post-thaw sperm characterisitics and that sufficient time for cooling may be essential but a specific equilibration time may not necessarily be required. KEY WORDS: artificial insemination, canine, cryopreservation, semen, spermatozoa.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(11): 1359-1364, 2004 Biotechnological studies may contribute much to the conservation of endangered wildlife species, and assisted reproduction techniques in domestic dogs may be applicable to non-domesticated canid species [11,14]. Indeed, techniques of sperm cryopreservation developed for domestic dogs have been applied to captive red wolves [10]. On the other hand, if semen were collected from wild animals in the field, manipulation of the ejaculate would have to be carried out under unfavorable conditions. Thus, modifications would be needed for the application of techniques developed for dogs to wild animals.Successful artificial insemination with frozen canine semen has been well documented [18,22,23,25,27] since the first conception was reported by Seager [21], and recently, the freezing protocol for canine semen has been improved [1,3,20,[28][29][30]. If semen is diluted to a constant final sperm concentration, the dilution rates may differ. Alternatively, if the dilution rate is fixed, the final sperm concentration might fluctuate according to the sperm concentration measured in the collected semen. Systematic studies examining the effects of the final dilution rate and the final sperm concentration on post-thaw sperm characteristics are lacking, except for limited information provided by Peña and Linde-Forsberg [17].In most cases, canine semen is diluted, equilibrated with a cryoprotectant such as glycerol, and stored frozen in liquid nitrogen. In some reports, collected semen is directly diluted with an extender including glycerol and then equilibrated for hours before freezing [1,7,9,13,18,20,23,26].In other reports, s...

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“…In some reports, collected semen is directly diluted with an extender including glycerol and then equilibrated for hours before freezing [1,7,9,13,18,20,23,26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Final Dilution Rate, Sperm Concentration and Times for Cooling and Glycerol Equilibration on Post-Thaw Characteristics of Canine Spermatozoa

Okano

Murase

Asano

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Sci. 65(3): 307-312, 2003 For artificial insemination (AI) of dogs, fresh semen [3,12,18,20,21], cooled semen [6-9, 12, 15], and frozen semen [3,12,16,19] In studies of cooled canine semen, semen preparations with milk [6,8,9,13,15] and egg yolk [1,2,4,5,7,[11][12][13][14] as the extender have been investigated. In studies with egg yolk-citrate-glycine-glucose extender (EYC-GG) performed by Foote [4,5] and egg yolk Tris-glucose extender performed by Iguer-ouada and Verstegen [11], canine sperm could be stored at 4°C for a prolonged period, although these were in vitro studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For artificial insemination (AI) of dogs, fresh semen [3,12,18,20,21], cooled semen [6-9, 12, 15], and frozen semen [3,12,16,19] have been investigated. We have shown that when using fresh semen, 2 × 10 8 sperm [21] are required for intravaginal insemination and 1 × 10 7 sperm [20] are required for unilateral uterine horn intrauterine insemination.…”

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Artificial Insemination with Canine Semen Stored at a Low Temperature.

et al. 2003

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ABSTRACT. Cooled canine semen solutions for storage were investigated with three stock solutions: egg yolk-citrate-glycine-glucose solution, egg yolk Tris-fructose citrate solution (EYT-FC), and egg yolk sodium citrate dihydrate solution (EYCD). For the control group, the second fraction of semen was examined. Nine male beagles and 37 female (47 experimental cases) beagles for artificial insem ination (AI) were used. The qualities of semen stored at 4°C deteriorated earlier in the control and EYCD groups. In the other two groups, sperm motility was 60% or higher after storage for 6 days and 20% or higher after storage for 12 days. On a comparison of these two groups, the sperm motility and viability were slightly higher in the EYT-FC group. A high conception rate was obtained by AI using semen stored at a low temperature for a maximum of two days in the control group and four days in the EYT-FC group. KEY WORDS: artificial insemination, canine, cooled semen.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65(3): 307-312, 2003 For artificial insemination (AI) of dogs, fresh semen [3,12,18,20,21], cooled semen [6-9, 12, 15], and frozen semen [3,12,16,19] In studies of cooled canine semen, semen preparations with milk [6,8,9,13,15] and egg yolk [1,2,4,5,7,[11][12][13][14] as the extender have been investigated. In studies with egg yolk-citrate-glycine-glucose extender (EYC-GG) performed by Foote [4,5] and egg yolk Tris-glucose extender performed by Iguer-ouada and Verstegen [11], canine sperm could be stored at 4°C for a prolonged period, although these were in vitro studies.Some attempts at fertilization have succeeded when using cooled semen. Gill et al. [6] and reported a high conception rate for cooled semen within 24 hr. Successful fertilization with semen stored for a long period has been reported. Harrop [8] stored semen in sterilized milk for 4 days, and this is the first successful fertilization with cooled semen. Seager and Fletcher [15] also stored semen in sterilized milk for 1-4 days similarly to Harrop [8] and obtained a conception rate of 53.0% (8/15), but the semen volume and number of sperm used for AI and the frequency of collecting semen were not clarified.Therefore, although many in vitro experiments have been performed with cooled semen as mentioned above, semen preparation applicable to AI for several days has not been clarified.We therefore investigated extenders, storage methods, and AI methods with cooled semen in dogs. For the extender, EYC-GG with which Foote [4,5] succeeded in long-term storage of canine sperm, EYT-FC, which we used for frozen canine semen [19], and egg yolk sodium citrate dihydrate (EYCD), which has long been used for domestic animals, were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals:Nine male dogs aged 2-5 years were repeatedly used. For AI, there were 29 female dogs aged 7 months-1.5 years at the initial estrus and two multiparous dogs. Because of repeated use, the number of cases was 47. Since many dogs were used for AI at the initial estrus, the conception results were obtained from 58 dogs...

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“…Özellikle, vücut yapılarının farklılığı nedeniyle çiftleşe-meyen köpeklerde ve donmuş spermanın tohumlamada kullanılabil-mesinde de, büyük ölçüde sun'i tohumlama yönteminden yararlanıl-maktadır (4,5,7,8,15,17,18,21 Bu çalı~ma, diğer türlerde olduğu gibi, köpek spermasının da dondurulup uzun süre saklanarak, istenildiğinde köpek yeti~tiricili-ğinde kullanılabileceği ni ortaya koymak amaciyle yapılml~tlr.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

KÖPEK SPERMASININ DONDURULMASı ÜZERİNDE ARAşTmMALAR

Nafiz;KOTZAB¹

1987

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Conception Rates and Related Data Using Frozen Dog Semen

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of Final Dilution Rate, Sperm Concentration and Times for Cooling and Glycerol Equilibration on Post-Thaw Characteristics of Canine Spermatozoa

Effects of Final Dilution Rate, Sperm Concentration and Times for Cooling and Glycerol Equilibration on Post-Thaw Characteristics of Canine Spermatozoa

Artificial Insemination with Canine Semen Stored at a Low Temperature.

KÖPEK SPERMASININ DONDURULMASı ÜZERİNDE ARAşTmMALAR

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