Concept of Early Prediction and Identification of Truck Vehicle Failures Supported by In-Vehicle Telematics Platform Based on Abnormality Detection Algorithm

Abstract

As automotive technology advances in the realm of digitization, vehicles are becoming smarter and, at the same time, more vulnerable to various threats. This paper focuses on techniques for detecting faults to mitigate the risk of freight transportation. Our observations show that vehicle uptime varies significantly even under similar operating conditions. This variation stems from differences in the wear and tear of moving and stationary parts, the characteristics of transported loads, driving styles, the quality of maintenance, etc. These factors are particularly crucial for abnormal vehicles designed to carry AILs (Abnormal Indivisible Loads). Such vehicles are especially prone to surprising threats, requiring efficient techniques for monitoring separate vehicle components and providing drivers with vital information about their operational status. The presented article proposes an original concept of an integrated three-level monitoring system based on the AOP (All-in-One Platform) principle, using the DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) algorithm, which is a tool oriented to distinguish points from three categories: basic, boundary, and external. This is a solution not yet found in the literature. It is based on assessments of LOFs (Local Outlier Factors) and to detect anomalies in the measured values of operational parameters. The purpose of our study was to determine whether providing truck drivers with current information from an active threat warning system could help reduce unplanned downtimes.